Chimpanzee Reservoirs of Pandemic and Nonpandemic HIV-1

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) - Tập 313 Số 5786 - Trang 523-526 - 2006
Brandon F. Keele1,2,3,4,5, Fran Van Heuverswyn1,2,3,4,5, Yingying Li1,2,3,4,5, Elizabeth Bailes1,2,3,4,5, Jun Takehisa1,2,3,4,5, Mario L. Santiago1,2,3,4,5, Frédéric Bibollet‐Ruche1,2,3,4,5, Yalu Chen1,2,3,4,5, Louise V. Wain1,2,3,4,5, Florian Liégeois1,2,3,4,5, Sévérin Loul1,2,3,4,5, Eitel Mpoudi Ngole1,2,3,4,5, Yanga Bienvenue1,2,3,4,5, Éric Delaporte1,2,3,4,5, John Brookfield1,2,3,4,5, Paul M. Sharp1,2,3,4,5, George M. Shaw1,2,3,4,5, Martine Peeters1,2,3,4,5, Beatrice H. Hahn1,2,3,4,5
1Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
2Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 720 South 20th Street, KAUL 816, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
3Institute of Genetics, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
4Laboratoire Retrovirus, UMR145, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement and Department of International Health, University of Montpellier I, 911 Avenue Agropolis, Boite Postale 64501, 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
5Projet Prevention du Sida au Cameroun (PRESICA), Boite Postale 1857, Yaoundé, Cameroun.

Tóm tắt

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the cause of human acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), is a zoonotic infection of staggering proportions and social impact. Yet uncertainty persists regarding its natural reservoir. The virus most closely related to HIV-1 is a simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) thus far identified only in captive members of the chimpanzee subspecies Pan troglodytes troglodytes . Here we report the detection of SIVcpz antibodies and nucleic acids in fecal samples from wild-living P. t. troglodytes apes in southern Cameroon, where prevalence rates in some communities reached 29 to 35%. By sequence analysis of endemic SIVcpz strains, we could trace the origins of pandemic (group M) and nonpandemic (group N) HIV-1 to distinct, geographically isolated chimpanzee communities. These findings establish P. t. troglodytes as a natural reservoir of HIV-1.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

10.1097/00002030-198910000-00001

10.1038/345356a0

C. P. Groves, in Mammalian Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, D. E. Wilson, D. M. Reader, Eds. (Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC, ed. 2, 1993), pp. 243–277.

10.1128/JVI.79.7.3891-3902.2005

10.1038/17130

10.1128/JVI.74.1.529-534.2000

10.1128/JVI.79.2.1312-1319.2005

10.1006/viro.1996.0384

10.1126/science.295.5554.465

10.1038/428820a

10.1128/JVI.77.13.7545-7562.2003

10.1128/JVI.79.19.12515-12527.2005

Materials and methods are available as supporting material on Science Online.

In contrast to plasma samples from uninfected humans which exhibit false positive Western blot reactivity to HIV-1 p24 in as many as 10 to 15% of individuals (www.fda.gov/cber/products/hiv1cam052898.htm) we have found no such nonspecific cross-reactivity of chimpanzee immunoglobulin extracted by the RNA later method from over 2000 fecal specimens.

F. Van Heuverswyn et al . 13th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections Abstract 132 available at www.retroconference.org/2006/Abstracts/26513.htm (2006).

10.1126/science.1080657

10.1126/science.287.5453.607

10.1126/science.288.5472.1789

10.1098/rstb.2001.0863

10.1128/JVI.74.22.10498-10507.2000

10.1038/2017

10.1089/aid.2006.22.83

We thank the Cameroonian Ministries of Health Environment and Forestry and Research for permission to perform this study; J. Dupain C. Neel and M. Epanda (Projet Grands Singes); L. Usongo D. Dontego F. Espedi and B. Tshikangwa (World Wildlife Fund); and G. Etoga and D. M'bohand (Ministry of Environment and Forestry) for assistance in the field. This work was supported in part by the NIH (grants R01 AI50529 R01 AI58715 and P30 AI 27767) the Bristol Myers Freedom to Discover Program the Institut de Recherche pour le Développement and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. New SIVcpz Ptt sequences are available at GenBank under accession numbers DQ370366-DQ370419 and DQ373063-DQ373066; chimpanzee mtDNA sequences are available under DQ367532-DQ367613 and DQ370307-DQ370365.

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Tập 313 Số 5786

523-526

Thông tin tác giả