Burnout: 35 years of research and practice

Aiken, L.H., Clarke, S.P., Sloane, D.M., Sochalski, J. and Silber, J.H. (2002), “Hospital nurse staffing and patient mortality, nurse burnout, and job dissatisfaction”, Journal of the American Medical Association, Vol. 288, pp. 1987‐93. Aiken, L.H., Clarke, S.P., Sloane, D.M., Sochalski, J.A., Busse, R., Clarke, H., Giovannetti, P., Hunt, J., Rafferty, A.M. and Shamian, J. (2001), “Nurses' reports on hospital care in five countries: the ways in which nurses' work is structured have left nurses among the least satisfied workers, and the problem is getting worse”, Health Affairs, Vol. 20, pp. 43‐53. Argyris, C. (1982), Reasoning, Learning, and Action: Individual and Organizational, Jossey‐Bass, San Francisco, CA. Bakker, A.B. and Demerouti, E. (2007), “The job demands resources model: state‐of‐the‐art”, Journal of Managerial Psychology, Vol. 22, pp. 309‐28. Bakker, A.B. and Demerouti, E. (2008), “Towards a model of work engagement”, Career Development International, Vol. 13, pp. 209‐23. Bakker, A.B. and Schaufeli, W.B. (2008), “Positive organizational behavior: engaged employees in flourishing organizations”, Journal of Organizational Behavior, Vol. 29, pp. 147‐54. Bakker, A.B., Schaufeli, W.B., Leiter, M.P. and Taris, T.W. (2008), “Work engagement: an emerging concept in occupational health psychology”, Work & Stress, Vol. 22, pp. 187‐200. Brenninkmeijer, V. and Van Yperen, N. (2003), “How to conduct research on burnout: advantages and disadvantages of a unidimensional approach to burnout”, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Vol. 60, Suppl. 1, pp. 16‐21. Cherniss, C. and Kranz, D.L. (1983), “The ideological community as an antidote to burnout in the human services”, in Farber, B.A. (Ed.), Stress and Burnout in the Human Services Professions, Pergamon, New York, NY, pp. 198‐212. Cho, J., Laschinger, H.K. and Wong, C. (2006), “Workplace empowerment, work engagement, and organizational commitment of new graduate nurses”, Nursing Leadership, Vol. 19, pp. 43‐60. Cooper, C.L. and Dewe, P. (2004), Stress: A Brief History, Blackwell, Malden, MA. Demerouti, E., Bakker, A.B., Vardakou, I. and Kantas, A. (2002), “The convergent validity of two burnout instruments: a multitrait‐multimethod analysis”, European Journal of Psychological Assessment, Vol. 18, pp. 296‐307. Farber, B.A. (1983), “Introduction: A critical perspective on burnout”, in Farber, B.A. (Ed.), Stress and Burnout in the Human Services Professions, Pergamon, New York, NY, pp. 1‐20. Freudenberger, H.J. (1974), “Staff burnout”, Journal of Social Issues, Vol. 30, pp. 159‐65. Friberg, T. (2006), “Diagnosing burn‐out: an anthropological study of a social concept in Sweden”, Media Tryck, PhD thesis, Lund University, Lund. Gellert, F.J. and Kuipers, B.S. (2008), “Short‐ and long‐term consequences of age in work teams”, Career Development International, Vol. 13 No. 2, pp. 132‐49. Golembiewski, R.T., Boudreau, R.T., Munzenrider, R.F. and Luo, H. (1996), Global Burnout: A Worldwide Pandemic Explored by the Phase Model, JAI Press, Greenwich, CT. González‐Romá, V., Schaufeli, W.B., Bakker, A. and Lloret, S. (2006), “Burnout and engagement: independent factors or opposite poles?”, Journal of Vocational Behavior, Vol. 68, pp. 165‐74. Halbesleben, J.R.B. and Buckley, M.R. (2004), “Burnout in organizational life”, Journal of Management, Vol. 30, pp. 859‐79. Harter, J.K., Schmidt, F.L. and Hayes, T.L. (2002), “Business‐unit‐level relationship between employee satisfaction, employee engagement, and business outcomes: a meta‐analysis”, Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 87, pp. 268‐79. Hemingway, C.A. and Maclagan, P.W. (2004), “Managers' personal values as drivers of corporate social responsibility”, Journal of Business Ethics, Vol. 50, pp. 33‐44. ICD‐10 (1994), International Classification of Diseases, World Health Organization, Geneva. Kristensen, T.S., Borritz, M., Villadsen, E. and Christensen, K.B. (2005), “The Copenhagen burnout inventory: a new tool for the assessment of burnout”, Work & Stress, Vol. 19, pp. 192‐207. Kulkarni, G.K. (2006), “Burnout (Editorial)”, Indian Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Vol. 10, pp. 3‐4. Lasch, C. (1979), The Culture of Narcissism: American Life in an Age of Diminishing Returns, Norton, New York, NY. Leiter, M.P., Jackson, N.J. and Shaughnessy, K. (2008), “Contrasting burnout, turnover intention, control, value congruence, and knowledge sharing between Boomers and Generation X”, Journal of Nursing Management, Vol. 16, pp. 1‐10. Loriol, M. (2002), “‘Mauvaise fatigue’ et contrôle de soi: une approche sociohistorique [‘Bad tiredness’ and self‐control: a sociohistorical approach]”, Perspectives Interdisciplinaires sur le Travail et la Santé, Vol. 4, pp. 124‐48. Luthans, F. (2003), “Positive organizational behavior (POB): implications for leadership and HR development and motivation”, in Steers, R.M., Porter, L.W. and Bigley, G.A. (Eds), Motivation and Leadership at Work, McGraw‐Hill, New York, NY, pp. 178‐95. McDonald, P., Brown, K. and Bradley, L. (2005), “Have traditional career paths given way to protean ones? Evidence from senior managers in the Australian public sector”, Career Development International, Vol. 10, pp. 109‐29. Martin, J. and Siehl, C. (1983), “Organizational culture and counterculture: an uneasy symbiosis”, Organizational Dynamics, Vol. 12, pp. 52‐64. Maslach, C. (1976), “Burned‐out”, Human Behavior, Vol. 9, pp. 16‐22. Maslach, C. (1993), “Burnout: a multidimensional perspective”, in Schaufeli, W.B., Maslach, C. and Marek, T. (Eds), Professional Burnout: Recent Developments in Theory and Research, Taylor & Francis, Washington, DC, pp. 19‐32. Maslach, C. and Jackson, S.E. (1981), “The measurement of experienced burnout”, Journal of Occupational Behavior, Vol. 2, pp. 99‐113. Maslach, C. and Leiter, M.P. (1997), The Truth about Burnout, Jossey‐Bass, New York, NY. Maslach, C. and Schaufeli, W.B. (1993), “Historical and conceptual development of burnout”, in Schaufeli, W.B., Maslach, C. and Marek, T. (Eds), Professional Burnout: Recent Developments in Theory and Research, Taylor & Francis, Washington, DC, pp. 1‐16. Maslach, C., Jackson, S.E. and Leiter, M.P. (1996), MBI: The Maslach Burnout Inventory: Manual, Consulting Psychologists Press, Palo Alto, CA. Maslach, C., Leiter, M.P. and Schaufeli, W.B. (2008), “Measuring burnout”, in Cooper, C.L. and Cartwright, S. (Eds), The Oxford Handbook of Organizational Wellbeing, Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 86‐108. Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W.B. and Leiter, M.P. (2001), “Job burnout”, Annual Review of Psychology, Vol. 52, pp. 397‐422. Perrewé, P.L., Hochwarter, W.A., Rossi, A.M., Wallace, A., Maignan, I., Castro, S.L., Ralston, D.A., Westman, M., Vollmer, G., Tang, M., Wan, P. and Van Deusen, C.A. (2002), “Are work stress relationships universal? A nine‐region examination of role stressors, general self‐efficacy, and burnout”, Journal of International Management, Vol. 8, pp. 163‐87. Pines, A.M. (2003), “Occupational burnout: a cross‐cultural Israeli Jewish‐Arab perspective and its implications for career counselling”, Career Development International, Vol. 8, pp. 97‐106. Pines, A. and Aronson, E. (1981), Burnout: From Tedium to Personal Growth, Free Press, New York, NY. Potter, M.A., Gebbie, K.M. and Tilson, H. (2007), “The public health workforce”, in Novick, L.F., Morrow, C.B. and Mays, G.P. (Eds), Public Health Administration, Jones & Bartlett, London, pp. 225‐60. Roelofs, J., Verbraak, M., Keijsers, G.P.J., De Bruin, M.B.N. and Schmidt, A.J.M. (2005), “Psychometric properties of a Dutch version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory‐General Survey (MBI‐GS) in individuals with and without clinical burnout”, Stress and Health, Vol. 21, pp. 17‐25. Savicki, V. (2002), Burnout across Thirteen Cultures: Stress and Coping in Child and Youth Care Workers, Praeger, Westport, CT. Schaufeli, W.B. (2006), “The balance of give and take: toward a social exchange model of burnout”, The International Review of Social Psychology, Vol. 19, pp. 87‐131. Schaufeli, W.B. and Bakker, A.B. (2004), “Job demands, job resources and their relationship with burnout and engagement: a multi‐sample study”, Journal of Organizational Behavior, Vol. 25, pp. 293‐315. Schaufeli, W.B. and Enzmann, D. (1998), The Burnout Companion to Study and Research: A Critical Analysis, Taylor & Francis, London. Schaufeli, W.B. and Salanova, M. (2007), “Work engagement: an emerging psychological concept and its implications for organizations”, in Gilliland, S.W., Steiner, D.D. and Skarlicki, D.P. (Eds), Research in Social Issues in Management (Volume 5): Managing Social and Ethical Issues in Organizations, Information Age Publishers, Greenwich, CT, pp. 135‐77. Schaufeli, W.B., Bakker, A.B. and Van Rhenen, W. (in press), “How changes in job demands and resources predict burnout, work engagement, and sickness absenteeism”, Journal of Organizational Behavior. Schaufeli, W.B., Salanova, M., González‐Romá, V. and Bakker, A.B. (2002), “The measurement of engagement and burnout: a confirmative analytic approach”, Journal of Happiness Studies, Vol. 3, pp. 71‐92. Schaufeli, W.B., Bakker, A., Schaap, C., Kladler, A. and Hoogduin, C.A.L. (2001), “On the clinical validity of the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the Burnout Measure”, Psychology & Health, Vol. 16, pp. 565‐82. Seligman, M.E.P. and Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2000), “Positive psychology: an introduction”, American Psychologist, Vol. 55, pp. 5‐14. Sennett, R. (1998), The Corrosion of Character: The Personal Consequences of Work in the New Capitalism, Norton, New York, NY. Shirom, A. (1989), “Burnout in work organizations”, in Cooper, C.L. and Robertson, I. (Eds), International Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Wiley, New York, NY, pp. 25‐48. Shirom, A. and Melamed, S. (2005), “Does burnout affect physical health? A review of the evidence”, in Antoniou, A.S.G. and Cooper, C.L. (Eds), Research Companion to Organizational Health Psychology, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, pp. 599‐622. Turnipseed, D.L. and Turnipseed, P.H. (1997), “A bi‐cultural analysis of the costs of caring: nursing burnout in the United States and the Philippines”, Career Development International, Vol. 2, pp. 180‐8. Ulrich, D. (1997), Human Resource Champions, Harvard Business School Press, Boston, MA. Van der Klink, J.J.L. and van Dijk, F.J.H. (2003), “Dutch practice guidelines for managing adjustment disorders in occupational and primary health care”, Scandinavian Journal of Work Environment and Health, Vol. 29, pp. 478‐87. Van Emmerik, H. (2004), “For better or for worse? Adverse working conditions and the beneficial effects of mentoring”, Career Development International, Vol. 9, pp. 358‐73. Work & Stress (2005), “Special issue on the conceptualization and measurement of burnout”, Work & Stress, Vol. 20, pp. 187‐267. Enzmann, D. and Kleiber, D. (1989), Helfer‐leider: Stress und Burnout in psychosozialen Berufen (Helper‐ordeals: Stress and Burnout in the Human Services), Asanger, Heidelberg. Schaufeli, W.B., Leiter, M.P., Maslach, Ch. and Jackson, S.E. (1996), “Maslach Burnout Inventory – general survey”, in Maslach, Ch, Jackson, S.E. and Leiter, M.P. (Eds), The Maslach Burnout Inventory (3rd ed.) – Test Manual, Consulting Psychologists Press, Palo Alto, CA.