Role of Id proteins in B lymphocyte activation: new insights from knockout mouse studies

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 82 - Trang 592-599 - 2004
Manabu Sugai1, Hiroyuki Gonda1,2, Yukiko Nambu1, Yoshifumi Yokota3, Akira Shimizu1,2
1Center for Molecular Biology and Genetics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
2Translational Research Center, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
3Department of Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan

Tóm tắt

Id (inhibitor of differentiation) proteins play important roles in cell differentiation, cell cycle control, and apoptosis. They act as negative regulators of basic helix-loop-helix-type transcription factors, which positively regulate differentiation of various cell types. Id proteins work to block B lymphocyte (B cell) maturation at an early differentiation step, as demonstrated by gain-of-function studies. In recent years a series of gene-targeted mice lacking different Ids have been generated. Analyses of these gene-targeted mice provide information useful for understanding the physiological roles of Ids in B cell biology. Id3 is required for proper B cell functions and acts by controlling the cell cycle. Upon B cell activation, Id2 acts as a negative regulator to prevent potentially harmful effects brought about by excessive immunological reactions; one of its special roles is to maintain low serum concentrations of immunoglobulin E (IgE). The Id2 protein does this by antagonizing E2A and Pax5 activities, both of which are required for proper B cell activation. This review presents several new insights into B cell differentiation and activation programs and the physiological role of Id proteins in B cell activation.

Tài liệu tham khảo

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