Physical gills in diving insects and spiders: theory and experiment

Journal of Experimental Biology - Tập 216 Số 2 - Trang 164-170 - 2013
Roger S. Seymour1, Philip G. D. Matthews1
1Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia

Tóm tắt

SummaryInsects and spiders rely on gas-filled airways for respiration in air. However, some diving species take a tiny air-store bubble from the surface that acts as a primary O2 source and also as a physical gill to obtain dissolved O2 from the water. After a long history of modelling, recent work with O2-sensitive optodes has tested the models and extended our understanding of physical gill function. Models predict that compressible gas gills can extend dives up to more than eightfold, but this is never reached, because the animals surface long before the bubble is exhausted. Incompressible gas gills are theoretically permanent. However, neither compressible nor incompressible gas gills can support even resting metabolic rate unless the animal is very small, has a low metabolic rate or ventilates the bubble's surface, because the volume of gas required to produce an adequate surface area is too large to permit diving. Diving-bell spiders appear to be the only large aquatic arthropods that can have gas gill surface areas large enough to supply resting metabolic demands in stagnant, oxygenated water, because they suspend a large bubble in a submerged web.

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Journal of Experimental Biology

Tập 216 Số 2

164-170

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