Potential of double‐cropped rice ecology to conserve organic carbon under subtropical climate

Global Change Biology - Tập 14 Số 9 - Trang 2139-2151 - 2008
Biswapati Mandal1, Bidisha Majumder2, T. K. Adhya3, P. Bandyopadhyay1, A. Gangopadhyay2, Dibyendu Sarkar1, Manik Chandra Kundu1, Shreyasi Gupta Choudhury1, G. C. Hazra1, S. Kundu4, R. N. Samantaray3, Ashok Misra3
1Directorate of Research, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India
2Environmental Engineering Division, Department of Civil Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India,
3Division of Soil Science and Microbiology, Central Rice Research Institute, Cuttack 753006, Orissa, India,
4Vivekananda Parvatiya Krishi Anusandhan Sansthan, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Almora 263601, Uttaranchal, India

Tóm tắt

AbstractUnderstanding the processes of soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation or depletion under different management strategies is vital for maintaining soil health and curbing global warming. Using a 36‐year‐old fertility experiment under subtropical climate, we investigated the impact of long‐term intensive rice–rice cropping system with different managements on the SOC stock. The mechanistic pathway of stabilization of the SOC into different pools, with a tentative C budgeting was also established. Biochemical composition of the organic residues involved, SOC pools of different oxidizability and methane (CH4) emission were estimated for the experiment conducted using organic and inorganic sources of nutrients. Cultivation over the years caused a net decrease in SOC stocks but with balanced fertilization it increased. With increasing depth, the stock decreased on average, to the extent of 50%, 26% and 24% of the total at 0–0.2, 0.2–0.4 and 0.4–0.6 m, respectively. About 4.0% of the crop residues C incorporated into the soil were stabilized into SOC. This was further enhanced (1.6 times) by the application of compost. Carbon loss through CH4 emission was very low (2.6% of the total). ‘Summer fallow’ had a positive significant influence on C loss from the system. As much as 29% of the compost C added to the soil was stabilized into SOC mostly in the less‐labile or nonlabile recalcitrant pools preferentially in the surface layer of the soil. Large polyphenol and lignin contents of crop residues including compost, and the long period of soil submergence under rice cultivation might have conferred recalcitrant character to the SOC leading to its stabilization in nonlabile pools. This would result into an enrichment of the SOC stock and restriction to the gaseous C loading into the atmosphere.

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Global Change Biology

Tập 14 Số 9

2139-2151

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