Large‐scale characterization of drought pattern: a continent‐wide modelling approach applied to the Australian wheatbelt – spatial and temporal trends
Tóm tắt
Plant response to drought is complex, so that traits adapted to a specific drought type can confer disadvantage in another drought type. Understanding which type(s) of drought to target is of prime importance for crop improvement. Modelling was used to quantify seasonal drought patterns for a check variety across the Australian wheatbelt, using 123 yr of weather data for representative locations and managements. Two other genotypes were used to simulate the impact of maturity on drought pattern. Four major environment types summarized the variability in drought pattern over time and space. Severe stress beginning before flowering was common (44% of occurrences), with (24%) or without (20%) relief during grain filling. High variability occurred from year to year, differing with geographical region. With few exceptions, all four environment types occurred in most seasons, for each location, management system and genotype. Applications of such environment characterization are proposed to assist breeding and research to focus on germplasm, traits and genes of interest for target environments. The method was applied at a continental scale to highly variable environments and could be extended to other crops, to other drought‐prone regions around the world, and to quantify potential changes in drought patterns under future climates.
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Borlaug NE, 2005, In the wake of the double helix: from the green revolution to the gene revolution, 3
Chapman SC, 2002, Quantitative genetics, genomics and plant breeding, 167, 10.1079/9780851996011.0167
ComstockRE1977.Quantitative genetics and the design of breeding programs. In:PollackE KempthorneO BaileyTB eds. Proceedings of the international conference on quantitative genetics. Iowa State University. Press Ames USA 705–718.
Cooper M, 1996, Environmental characterization based on probe and reference genotypes, Plant adaptation and crop improvement, 529
Daniells I, 2002, Profile descriptions: district guidelines for managing soils in north‐west NSW
IPCC, 2007, Synthesis report. Contribution of working groups I, II and III to the fourth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change
Muchow RC, 1996, Plant adaptation and crop improvement, 349
R Development Core Team, 2011, R: a language and environment for statistical computing
SnapeJW2004.Challenges of integrating conventional breeding and biotechnology: a personal view!In: Proceedings of the 4th international crop science congress. Brisbane Australia 26 September‐1 October 2004:http://www.cropscience.org.au/icsc2004/plenary/3/1394_snapejw.htm.
Williams JH, 2002, Agro‐ecological regions of Australia. Methodologies for their derivation and key issues in resource management