Measuring women's beliefs about glass ceilings: development of the Career Pathways Survey

Barnet‐Verzat, C. and Wolff, F.‐C. (2008), “Gender wage gap and the glass ceiling effect: a firm level investigation”, International Journal of Manpower, Vol. 29 No. 6, pp. 486‐502. Barreto, M., Ryan, M.K. and Schmitt, M.T. (Eds) (2009), The Glass Ceiling in the 21st Century: Understanding Barriers to Gender Equality, American Psychological Association, Washington, DC. Bergman, B. (2003), “The validation of the women workplace culture questionnaire: gender‐related stress and health for Swedish working women”, Sex Roles, Vol. 49 Nos 5/6, pp. 287‐97. Booysen, L.A.E. and Nkomo, S.M. (2010), “Gender role stereotypes and requisite management characteristics: the case of South Africa”, Gender in Management: An International Journal, Vol. 25 No. 4, pp. 285‐300. Browne, K.R. (2006), “Evolved sex differences and occupational segregation”, Journal of Organizational Behavior, Vol. 27, pp. 143‐62. Burke, R. and Vinnicombe, S. (2005), “Advancing women's careers”, Career Development International, Vol. 10 No. 3, pp. 165‐7. Buss, D.M. (1995), “Evolutionary psychology: a new paradigm for psychological science”, Psychological Inquiry, Vol. 6, pp. 1‐49. Cordano, M., Scherer, R.F. and Owen, C.L. (2003), “Dimensionality of the women as managers scale: factor congruency among three samples”, The Journal of Social Psychology, Vol. 143 No. 1, pp. 141‐3. Crino, M.D., White, M.C. and DeSanctis, G.L. (1981), “A comment on the dimensionality and reliability of the women as managers scale”, Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 24, pp. 866‐76. Crosby, F.J., Williams, J.C. and Biernat, M. (2004), “The maternal wall”, Journal of Social Issues, Vol. 60 No. 4, pp. 675‐82. Davidson, M. (2009), “The glass ceiling – Australian and British women in management 2009: myth or reality?”, paper presented at the 44th Australian Psychological Society Annual Conference, Darwin, 30 September‐4 October. Dubno, P. (1985), “Attitudes toward women executives: a longitudinal study”, Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 28 No. 1, pp. 235‐9. Dubno, P., Costas, J., Cannon, H., Wankel, C. and Emin, H. (1979), “An empirically keyed scale for measuring managerial attitudes toward female executives”, Psychology of Women Quarterly, Vol. 3 No. 4, pp. 357‐64. Duehr, E.E. and Bono, J.E. (2006), “Men, women, and managers: are stereotypes finally changing?”, Personnel Psychology, Vol. 59 No. 4, pp. 815‐46. Eagly, A.H. and Carli, L.L. (2007), Through the Labyrinth: The Truth About How Women Become Leader, Harvard Business School, Boston, MA. Eagly, A.H. and Karau, S.J. (2002), “Role congruity theory of prejudice toward female leaders”, Psychological Review, Vol. 109 No. 3, pp. 573‐98. Elacqua, T.C., Beehr, T.A., Hansen, C.P. and Webster, J. (2009), “Managers' beliefs about the glass ceiling: interpersonal and organizational factors”, Psychology of Women Quarterly, Vol. 33, pp. 285‐94. Embry, A., Padgett, M.Y. and Caldwell, C.B. (2008), “Can leaders step outside of the gender box? An examination of leadership and gender role stereotypes”, Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, Vol. 15 No. 1, pp. 5‐15. Everett, L., Thorne, D. and Danehower, C. (1996), “Cognitive moral development and attitudes toward women executives”, Journal of Business Ethics, Vol. 15, pp. 1227‐35. Fassinger, R.E. (2008), “Workplace diversity and public policy: challenges and opportunities for psychology”, American Psychologist, Vol. 63 No. 4, pp. 252‐68. Goward, P. (2001), A Business of Your Own: How Women Succeed in Business, Allen & Unwin, Sydney. Hakim, C. (2006), “Women, careers, and work‐life preferences”, British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, Vol. 34 No. 3, pp. 279‐94. Heilman, M.E. and Okimoto, T.G. (2007), “Why are women penalized for success at male tasks? The implied communality deficit”, Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 92 No. 1, pp. 81‐92. International Labour Office (2004), Breaking Through the Glass Ceiling: Women in Management, ILO, Geneva. Jackson, J.C. (2001), “Women middle managers' perception of the glass ceiling”, Women in Management Review, Vol. 16 No. 1, pp. 30‐41. Kumra, S. and Vinnicombe, S. (2008), “A study of the promotion to partner process in a professional services firm: how women are disadvantaged”, British Journal of Management, Vol. 19, pp. S65‐S74. McLeod, F. (2008), “Glass ceiling still firmly in place”, available at: www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,25197,23926883‐30537,00.html (accessed July 2009). Maginn, P.J. (2010), “Breaking through the glass ceiling of local government? The gender profile of Australian mayors in metropolitan Australia 1985‐2010”, FactBase Bulletin 11, The University of Western Australia and Committee for Perth, Perth. Mathur‐Helm, B. (2006), “Women and the glass ceiling in South African banks: an illusion or reality?”, Women in Management Review, Vol. 21 No. 4, pp. 31‐326. Morrison, A.M., White, R.P. and van Velsor, E. (1992), Breaking the Glass Ceiling: Can Women Reach the Top of America's Largest Corporations?, Addison‐Wesley, Reading, MA. O'Connor, V.J. (2001), “Women and men in senior management: a ‘different needs’ hypothesis”, Women in Management Review, Vol. 16 No. 8, pp. 400‐4. Olsson, S. (2002), “Gendered heroes: male and female self‐representations of executive identity”, Women in Management Review, Vol. 17 Nos 3/4, pp. 142‐50. Phelan, J.E., Moss‐Racusin, C.A. and Rudman, L.A. (2008), “Competent yet out in the cold: shifting criteria for hiring reflect backlash toward agentic women”, Psychology of Women Quarterly, Vol. 32, pp. 406‐13. Pinker, S. (2002), The Blank Slate: The Modern Denial of Human Nature, Viking, New York, NY. Still, L.V. (2006), “Where are the women in leadership in Australia?”, Women in Management Review, Vol. 21 No. 3, pp. 180‐94. Stone, P. (2007), Opting Out? Why Women Really Quit Careers and Head Home, University of California Press, Berkeley, CA. Tan, J. (2008), “Breaking the ‘bamboo curtain’ and the ‘glass ceiling’: the experience of women entrepreneurs in high‐tech industries in an emerging market”, Journal of Business Ethics, Vol. 80, pp. 547‐64. Terborg, J.T., Peters, L.H., Ilgen, D.R. and Smith, F. (1977), “Organizational and personal correlates of attitudes toward women as managers”, Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 20 No. 1, pp. 89‐100. Thomson, P., Graham, J. and Lloyd, T. (2008), A Woman's Place is in the Boardroom: The Roadmap, Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke. US Department of Labor (1991), A Report on the Glass Ceiling Initiative, US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC. Weyer, B. (2007), “Twenty years later: explaining the persistence of the glass ceiling for women leaders”, Women in Management Review, Vol. 22 No. 6, pp. 482‐96. Wood, G.J. and Lindorff, M. (2001), “Sex differences in explanations for career progress”, Women in Management Review, Vol. 16 No. 4, pp. 152‐62. Wrigley, B.J. (2002), “Glass ceiling? What glass ceiling? A qualitative study of how women view the glass ceiling in public relations and communication management”, Journal of Public Relations Research, Vol. 14 No. 1, pp. 27‐55.