Biogeochemical impacts of silicon-rich rice residue incorporation into flooded soils: Implications for rice nutrition and cycling of arsenic

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 399 - Trang 75-87 - 2015
Evanise S. Penido1,2, Alexa J. Bennett3, Thomas E. Hanson3, Angelia L. Seyfferth1
1Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, USA
2Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Brazil
3School of Marine Science and Policy, University of Delaware, Newark, USA

Tóm tắt

Soil incorporation of Si-rich rice residues may aid smallholder rice farmers in improving crop yields and may affect As uptake. Here, the biogeochemical impacts of rice residue incorporation into flooded soil without plants were evaluated. Various particle sizes of fresh rice straw (FS), fresh rice husk (FH), rice straw ash (RSA) and rice husk ash (RHA) residues were incorporated into soil (1 % w/w) in a flooded pot experiment. Pore-water chemistry was monitored weekly and dissolved CH4 concentrations and genes specific for methanotrophy and methanogenesis in DNA extracts of soil were evaluated. FH-amended soil had the highest level of dissolved Si, followed by FS and then ash (RHA or RSA). Particle size had little effect on the dissolved Si concentration for any residue tested. No amendments had any substantial effect on pore-water pH. FS-amended soil had much higher As, Fe, and CH4 concentrations in pore-water compared to ash and FH, and its extracted DNA also had higher amplifications of genes indicative of methanogenesis. FH, RHA, or RSA are attractive amendments for smallholder rice farmers to increase plant-available Si without exacerbating CH4 emissions, which may improve rice nutrition through the beneficial impacts of Si on combating biotic and abiotic stress including decreased arsenic uptake.

Tài liệu tham khảo

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