Mixed leaf litter effects on decomposition rates and soil microarthropod communities in an oak–pine stand in Japan
Tóm tắt
Rates of decomposition, and soil faunal abundance and diversity associated with single-species and mixed-species litters were studied in a litter bag experiment in an oak–pine forest. We used two canopy species of leaf litter, pine and oak, and one shrub species, Sasa, and compared decomposition rates, and soil microarthropod abundance and community structure of oribatid mites in the litter bags. Mass loss of single species decreased in the order: oak > pine > Sasa. While the total mass loss rates of mixed litter were intermediate between those of the constituent species, enhancement of mass loss from the three-species mixture and from mixed slow-decomposing litters (pine and Sasa) was observed. Faunal abundance in litter bags was higher in mixed-species litter than in those with single-species litter, and species richness of oribatid mites was also higher in the three-species mixed litter. Faunal abundance in single-species litter bags was not correlated with mass loss, although enhancement of mass loss in mixed litter bags corresponded with higher microarthropod abundance. Habitat heterogeneity in mixed litter bags seemed to be responsible for the more abundant soil microarthropod community.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Anderson J. M. (1978) Inter- and intra-habitat relationships between woodland Cryptostigmata species diversity and the diversity of soil and litter microhabitats. Oecologia 14:341–348.
Anderson J. M. & Hall H. (1977) Cryptostigmata species diversity and soil habitat structure. Organisms as components of ecosystems. Ecological Bulletin (Stockholm) 14: 473–475.
Anderson J. M. & Ingram J. S. I. (1993) Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility. A Handbook of Methods, 2nd ed. CAB International, Wallingford.
Behan V. M. & Hill S. B. (1978) Feeding habits and spore dispersal of oribatid mites in the North American Arctic.Review D′ Ecologie et de Biologie Du Sol 14: 497–516.
Blair J. M., Parmelee R. W., Beare M. H. (1990) Decay rates, nitrogen fluxes, and decomposer communities of single- and mixed-species foliar litter. Ecology 14: 1976–1985.
Chapman K., Whittaker J. B., Heal O. W. (1988) Metabolic and faunal activity in litters of tree mixtures compared with pure stands. Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment 14: 33–40.
Crossley D. A. & Hoglund M. P. (1962) A litter-bag method for the study of microarthropods inhabiting leaf litter. Ecology 14: 571–573.
Fyles J. W. & Fyles I. H. (1993) Interaction of Douglas-fir with red alder and salal foliage during decomposition. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 14: 358–361.
Gosz J. R., Likens G. E., Bormann F. H. (1973) Nutrient release from decomposing leaf and branch litter in the Hubbard Brook forest, New Hampshire. Ecological Monographs 14: 173–191.
Hansen R. A. & Coleman D. C. (1998) Litter complexity and composition are determinant of the diversity and species composition of oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatids) in litterbags. Applied Soil Ecology 14: 17–23.
Iler R. K. (1979) The Chemistry of Sillica. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
Kaneko N. (1988) Feeding habits and cheliceral size of oribatid mites in cool temperate forest soils in Japan. Review D′ Ecologie et de Biologie Du Sol 14: 353–363.
Kaneko N. (1995a) Composition of feeding types in oribatid mite communities in forest soils. Acta Zoologica Fennica 14: 60–161.
Kaneko N. (1995b) Community organization of oribatid mites in various forest soils. In: Structure and Function of Soil Communities (eds C. A. Edwards, T. Abe & B. R. Striganova) pp. 21–33. Kyoto University Press, Kyoto.
Klemmedson J. O. (1992) Decomposition and nutrient release from mixture of Gamble oak and Ponderosa pine leaf litter. Forest Ecology and Management 14: 640–661.
Magurran A. E. (1988) Ecological Diversity and Its Measurement. Croom Helm, London.
Melillo J. M., Aber J. B., Muratore J. F. (1982) Nitrogen and lignin control of hardwood leaf litter decomposition dynamics. Ecology 14: 621–626.
Morisita M. (1971) Composition of the Iδ-index. Researches on Population Ecology 14: 1–27.
Petersen H. M. & Luxton M. (1982) A comparative analysis of soil fauna populations and their role in decomposition processes. Oikos 14: 288–388.
Rowland A. P. & Roberts J. D. (1994) Lignin and cellulose fractionation in decomposition studies using acid-detergent fibre methods. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 14:269–277.
Salamanca E. F., Kaneko N., Katagiri S. (1998) Effects of leaf litter mixtures on the decomposition of Quercus serrata and Pinus densiflora using field and laboratory microcosm methods. Ecological Engineering 14: 53–73.
Seastedt T. R. (1984) The role of microarthropods in decomposition and mineralisation processes. Environmental Entomology 14: 25–46.
Siepel H. E. & de Ruiter-Dijkman E. M. (1993) Feeding guilds of oribatid mites based on their carbohydrase activities. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 14: 1491–1497.
Swift M. J., Heal O. W., Anderson J. M. (1979) Decomposition in Terrestrial Ecosystems. Blackwell Science, Oxford.
Takeda H. (1987) Dynamics and maintenance of collembolan community structure in a forest soil system. Researches on Population Ecology 14: 291–346.
Takeda H. (1995) A 5 year study of litter decomposition processes in Chamaecyparis obtusa Endl. forest. Ecological Research 14: 95–104.
Takeda H., Ishida Y., Tsutsumi T. (1987) Decomposition of leaf litter in relation to litter quality and site conditions. Memoirs of the College of Agriculture, Kyoto University 14: 17–38.
Taylor B. R., Parsons W. F. J., Parkinson D. (1989) Decomposition of Populus tremuloides leaf litter accelerated by addition of Alnus crispa litter. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 14:674–679.
Vance E. D., Brookes P.C., Jenkinson D. S. (1987) An extraction method for measuring soil microbial biomass C. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 14: 703–707.
Wardle D. A., Bonner K. I., Nicholson K. S. (1997) Biodiversity and plant litter: experimental evidence which does not support the view that enhanced species richness improves ecosystem function. Oikos 14:247–258.