Complexity theories and organizational change
Tóm tắt
Complexity theory or, more appropriately, theories, serves as an umbrella term for a number of theories, ideas and research programmes that are derived from scientific disciplines such as meteorology, biology, physics, chemistry and mathematics. Complexity theories are increasingly being seen by academics and practitioners as a way of understanding and changing organizations. The aim of this paper is to review the nature of complexity theories and their importance and implications for organizations and organizational change. It begins by showing how perspectives on organizational change have altered over the last 20 years. This is followed by an examination of complexity theories and their implications for organizational change. The paper concludes by arguing that, even in the natural sciences, the complexity approach is not fully developed or unchallenged, and that, as yet, organization theorists do not appear to have moved beyond the stage of using it as metaphor rather than as a mathematical way of analysing and managing organizations.
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Behe M.J., 1996, Darwin's Black Box: the Biochemical Challenge to Evolution
Beer M., 2000, Breaking the Code of Change
Burnes B., 2004, Managing Change
Cohen J., 1994, The Collapse of Chaos: Discovering Simplicity in a Complex World
Cooper C.L., 1997, Creating Tomorrow's Organizations Today: A Handbook for Future Research in Organizational Behavior
Cummings T.G., 2001, Organization Development and Change
Cyert R.M., 1963, A Behavioral Theory of the Firm
Dawson P., 1994, Organizational Change: a Processual Approach
Dunphy D., 2003, Organizational Change for Corporate Sustainability
Eve R.A., 1997, Chaos, Complexity and Sociology: Myths, Models and Theories
French W.L., 1999, Organization Development
Gell‐Mann M., 1994, The Quark and the Jaguar
Goodwin B., 1994, How the Leopard Changed its Spots
Handy C., 1989, The Age of Unreason.
Handy C., 1994, The Empty Raincoat
Handy C., 1997, The Hungry Spirit
Hatch M.J., 1997, Organization Theory: Modern, Symbolic and Postmodern Perspectives
Hayes J., 2002, The Theory and Practice of Change Management
Hayles K.N., 2000, From chaos to complexity: moving through metaphor to practice, Complexity and Chaos in Nursing, 4
Hedberg B., 1976, Camping on seesaws: prescriptions for a self‐designing organization, Administrative Science Quarterly, 17, 371
Hock D., 1999, Birth of the Chaordic Age
Horgan J., 1995, From complexity to perplexity, Science, 272, 74
Huczynski A., 2001, Organizational Behaviour
Johnson G., 2002, Exploring Corporate Strategy
Kanter R.M., 1983, The Change Masters
Kanter R.M., 1989, When Giants Learn to Dance: Mastering the Challenges of Strategy, Management, and Careers in the 1990s
Kanter R.M., 1997, World Class: Thriving Locally in the Global Economy
Kanter R.M., 1992, The Challenge of Organizational Change
Kanter R.M., 1997, Innovation: Breakthrough Thinking at 3M. DuPont, GE. Pfizer, and Rubbermaid
Kauffman S.A., 1993, Origins of Order: Self‐Organisation and Selection in Evolution, 10.1093/oso/9780195079517.001.0001
Kiel L.D., 1994, Managing Chaos and Complexity in Government
Kotter J.P., 1996, Leading Change.
Lansing J.S.(2002). Artificial societies and the social sciences.Santa Fe Institute Working paper 02‐03‐011 Santa Fe NM.
Lorenz E.(1979). Predictability: does the flap of a butterfly's wing in Brazil set off a tornado in Texas?Address at the American Association for the Advancement of Science Washington.
Morgan G., 1986, Images of Organization
Morgan G., 1997, Images of Organization
Peters T., 1989, Thriving on Chaos
Peters T., 1993, Liberation Management.
Peters T., 1997, The Circle of Innovation: You Can't Shrink Your Way to Greatness
Peters T., 1982, In Search of Excellence: Lessons from America's Best‐Run Companies
Pettigrew A.M., 1990, Longitudinal field research on change: theory and practice, Organizational Science, 3, 267, 10.1287/orsc.1.3.267
Pettigrew A.M., 2000, Breaking the Code of Change
Pettigrew A.M., 1993, Managing Change
Pfeffer J., 1981, Power in Organizations
Pfeffer J., 1996, Competitive Advantage Through People: Unleashing the Power of the Work Force.
Prigogine I., 1997, The End of Certainty: Time, Chaos, and the New Laws of Nature
Prigogine I., 1984, Order Out of Chaos: Man's New Dialogue with Nature
Quinn J.B., 1980, Strategies for Change: Logical Incrementalism
Rescher N., 1996, Complexity: a Philosophical Overview
Rose M., 1988, Industrial Behaviour
Rosenhead J.(1998).Complexity Theory and Management Practice. Science as Culture http://human‐nature.com/science‐as‐culture/rosenhead.html.
Sokal A., 1998, Intellectual Impostures: Postmodern Philosophers’ Abuse of Science
Stace D., 2001, Beyond the Boundaries: Leading and Re‐Creating the Successful Enterprise
Stacey R.D., 1991, The Chaos Frontier: Creative Strategic Control for Business
Stacey R.D., 2003, Strategic Management and Organisational Dynamics: The Challenge of Complexity.
Stacey R.D., 2002, Complexity and Management: Fad or Radical Challenge to Systems Thinking, 10.4324/9780203184684
Thomas A.B., 2003, Controversies in Management: Issues, Debates, Answers
Weick K.E., 2000, Breaking the Code of Change
Wheatley M.J., 1992, Leadership and the New Science: Learning about Organization from an Orderly Universe
Whyte J., 1992, The Adoption of Total Quality Management in Northern England
Wilson D.C., 1992, A Strategy of Change
Witcher B., 1993, The Adoption of Total Quality Management in Scotland