Novel insights into the genomic basis of citrus canker based on the genome sequences of two strains of Xanthomonas fuscans subsp. aurantifolii

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 11 Số 1 - 2010
Leandro Márcio Moreira1, Nalvo F. Almeida2, Neha Potnis3, Luciano Antônio Digiampietri4, Said Sadique Adi2, Julio César Bortolossi5, Ana C. da Silva6, da Silva7, Fabrício Edgar de Moraes5, Júlio César de Oliveira5, Robson Francisco de Souza7, Agda Paula Facincani5, André Luiz Julien Ferraz5, Maria Inês T. Ferro5, Luiz Roberto Furlan8, Daniele Fernanda Jovino Gimenez5, Jeffrey B. Jones3, Elliot Watanabe Kitajima9, Marcelo Luiz de Laia10, Rui Pereira Leite11, Milton Yutaka Nishiyama7, J. Rodrigues Neto12, Letícia Ane Sizuki Nociti5, David J. Norman13, Eric H. Ostroski14, H. A. Pereira5, Brian J. Staskawicz15, R. I. D. Tezza5, Jesus Aparecido Ferro5, Boris A. Vinatzer16, João Carlos Setúbal17
1Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
2Faculdade de Computação, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
3Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
4Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
5Departamento de Tecnologia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias de Jaboticabal, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
6Allelyx Applied Genomics, Campinas, SP, Brazil
7Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
8Departamento de Melhoramento e Nutrição Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia de Botucatu, UNESP - Univ, Estadual Paulista, SP, Brazil
9Núcleo de apoio à pesquisa em microscopia eletrônica aplicada à pesquisa agropecuária, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
10Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Lages, SC, Brazil
11Instituto Agronômico do Paraná. Londrina, PR, Brazil
12Laboratório de Bacteriologia Vegetal, Instituto Biológico Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
13Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Mid-Florida Research & Education Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
14Laboratório de Bioinformática, Instituto de Computação, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
15Department of Plant & Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
16Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology and Weed Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
17Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA

Tóm tắt

Abstract Background

Citrus canker is a disease that has severe economic impact on the citrus industry worldwide. There are three types of canker, called A, B, and C. The three types have different phenotypes and affect different citrus species. The causative agent for type A is Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri, whose genome sequence was made available in 2002. Xanthomonas fuscans subsp. aurantifolii strain B causes canker B and Xanthomonas fuscans subsp. aurantifolii strain C causes canker C.

 Results

We have sequenced the genomes of strains B and C to draft status. We have compared their genomic content to X. citri subsp. citri and to other Xanthomonas genomes, with special emphasis on type III secreted effector repertoires. In addition to pthA, already known to be present in all three citrus canker strains, two additional effector genes, xopE3 and xopAI, are also present in all three strains and are both located on the same putative genomic island. These two effector genes, along with one other effector-like gene in the same region, are thus good candidates for being pathogenicity factors on citrus. Numerous gene content differences also exist between the three cankers strains, which can be correlated with their different virulence and host range. Particular attention was placed on the analysis of genes involved in biofilm formation and quorum sensing, type IV secretion, flagellum synthesis and motility, lipopolysacharide synthesis, and on the gene xacPNP, which codes for a natriuretic protein.

 Conclusion

We have uncovered numerous commonalities and differences in gene content between the genomes of the pathogenic agents causing citrus canker A, B, and C and other Xanthomonas genomes. Molecular genetics can now be employed to determine the role of these genes in plant-microbe interactions. The gained knowledge will be instrumental for improving citrus canker control.

Từ khóa


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