Mechanisms of Salinity Tolerance

Annual Review of Plant Biology - Tập 59 Số 1 - Trang 651-681 - 2008
Rana Munns1, Mark Tester2
1CSIRO Plant Industry, Canberra ACT, Australia
2Australian Center for Plant Functional Genomics and University of Adelaide, SA, Australia;

Tóm tắt

The physiological and molecular mechanisms of tolerance to osmotic and ionic components of salinity stress are reviewed at the cellular, organ, and whole-plant level. Plant growth responds to salinity in two phases: a rapid, osmotic phase that inhibits growth of young leaves, and a slower, ionic phase that accelerates senescence of mature leaves. Plant adaptations to salinity are of three distinct types: osmotic stress tolerance, Na+or Cl−exclusion, and the tolerance of tissue to accumulated Na+or Cl−. Our understanding of the role of the HKT gene family in Na+exclusion from leaves is increasing, as is the understanding of the molecular bases for many other transport processes at the cellular level. However, we have a limited molecular understanding of the overall control of Na+accumulation and of osmotic stress tolerance at the whole-plant level. Molecular genetics and functional genomics provide a new opportunity to synthesize molecular and physiological knowledge to improve the salinity tolerance of plants relevant to food production and environmental sustainability.

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Annual Review of Plant Biology

Tập 59 Số 1

651-681

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