Toll-like receptors and innate immunity

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 84 - Trang 712-725 - 2006
Satoshi Uematsu1, Shizuo Akira1,2
1Department of Host Defense, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
2ERATO, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Suita, Japan

Tóm tắt

The innate immune system is an evolutionally conserved host defense mechanism against pathogens. Innate immune responses are initiated by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which recognize specific structures of microorganisms. Among them, Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are capable of sensing organisms ranging from bacteria to fungi, protozoa, and viruses, and play a major role in innate immunity. However, TLRs recognize pathogens either on the cell surface or in the lysosome/endosome compartment. Recently, cytoplasmic PRRs have been identified to detect pathogens that have invaded cytosols. In this review, we focus on the functions of PRRs in innate immunity and their downstream signaling cascades.

Tài liệu tham khảo

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