A step forward in development of fish protein hydrolysate-based diets for larvae of Japanese eel Anguilla japonica

Fisheries Science - Tập 79 - Trang 681-688 - 2013
Yoshitsugu Masuda1,2, Tadao Jinbo1, Hitoshi Imaizumi1, Hirofumi Furuita3, Hiroyuki Matsunari3, Koji Murashita3, Hiroshi Fujimoto1, Jirou Nagao3, Yutaka Kawakami3
1Shibushi Laboratory, National Research Institute of Aquaculture, Fisheries Research Agency, Natsui, Shibushi, Japan
2Minami-Izu Laboratory, National Research Institute of Aquaculture, Fisheries Research Agency, Irou-zaki, Minami-Izu, Japan
3Nansei Laboratory, National Research Institute of Aquaculture, Fisheries Research Agency, Watarai-gun, Japan

Tóm tắt

Eggs of spiny dogfish Squalus acanthias are an indispensable and effective component of the compound diets currently used for larvae of the Japanese eel Anguilla japonica. However, this fish species, a natural resource, is becoming more scarce, suggesting that suitable diets should be developed using more sustainable components. In the search for appropriate diets without shark eggs, we have designed test diets in which shark eggs were replaced with general feed materials, such as fish protein hydrolysate (FPH), with the notable improvement that the FPH had been pre-digested with integral enzymes from frozen krill. Feeding trials were conducted to assess the effects of the test diets on survival and growth of Japanese eel larvae at early developmental stages. Larvae fed on the test diets were found to be able to survive up to 65 days after hatching, the maximum total length and body depth were 14.1 and 1.5 mm, respectively. Although larvae fed on the test diets still exhibited a low survival rate and poor growth, the FPH-based diets had a nutritional value that promoted substantial larval growth based on the significant difference between the initial and final body sizes. Our results suggest that the development of FPH-based diets not based on shark eggs but rather on general feed ingredients is promising but that there is much room for improvement.

Tài liệu tham khảo

Tanaka H, Kagawa H, Ohta H (2001) Production of leptocephali of Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) in captivity. Aquaculture 201:51–60 Tanaka H, Kagawa H, Ohta H, Unuma T, Nomura K (2003) The first production of glass eel in captivity: fish reproductive physiology facilitates great progress in aquaculture. Fish Physiol Biochem 28:493–497 Kagawa H, Tanaka H, Ohta H, Unuma T, Nomura K (2005) The first success of glass eel production in the world: basic biology on fish reproduction advances new applied technology in aquaculture. Fish Physiol Biochem 31:193–199 Tanaka H, Kagawa H, Ohta H, Okuzawa K, Hirose K (1995) The first report of eel larvae ingesting rotifers. Fish Sci 61:171–172 Tanaka H, Kagawa H, Ohta H (1999) Rearing of hatched fish larva of eel (in Japanese). JP Pat 2909536 Okamura A, Yamada Y, Horita T, Horie N, Mikawa N, Utoh T, Tanaka S, Tsukamoto K (2009) Rearing eel leptocephali (Anguilla japonica) in a planktonkreisel. Aquac Res 40:509–512 Masuda Y, Imaizumi H, Oda K, Hashimoto H, Teruya K, Usuki H (2011) Japanese eel Anguilla japonica larvae can metamorphose into glass eel within 131 days after hatching in captivity (in Japanese with English abstract). Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 77:416–418 Cheng PW, Tzeng WN (1996) Timing of metamorphosis and estuarine arrival across the dispersal range of the Japanese eel Anguilla japonica. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 131:87–96 Arai T, Otake T, Tsukamoto K (1997) Drastic changes in otolith microstructure and microchemistry accompanying the onset of metamorphosis in the Japanese eel Anguilla japonica. Mar Eco Prog Ser 161:17–22 Tanaka H, Nomura K, Shioya I, Nakamori T, Furuta H (2010) Foods for eel larvae (in Japanese). JP Pat 4530248 Masuda Y, Jinbo T, Imaizumi H, Hashimoto H, Oda K, Matsuda K, Teruya K, Usuki H (2013) Regulation of water temperature, feeding frequency and larval stocking density leads to shorten the duration of larval stage of Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica (in Japanese with English abstract). Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 79:198–205 Miller MJ, Chikaraish Y, Ogawa NO, Yamada Y, Tsukamoto K, Ohkouchi N (2013) A low trophic position of Japanese eel larvae indicates feeding on marine snow. Biol Lett 9(1):20120826. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2012.0826 Masuda Y, Imaizumi H, Oda K, Hashimoto H, Usuki H, Teruya K (2012) Artificial completion of the Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica, life cycle: challenge to mass production. Bull Fish Res Agency 35:111–117 Masuda Y, Imaizumi H, Hashimoto H, Oda K, Furuita H, Matsunari H, Teruya K, Usuki H (2011) Eggs of the tiger shark Galeocerdo cuvier or gulper shark Centrophorus atromarginatus as food for early-stage larvae of the Japanese eel Anguilla japonica (in Japanese with English abstract). J Fish Technol 4:7–13 Okamura A, Yamada Y, Horie N, Mikawa N, Tanaka S, Kobayashi H, Tsukamoto K (2012) Hen egg yolk and skinned krill as possible foods for rearing leptocephalus larvae of Anguilla japonica Temminck & Schlegel. Aquac Res. doi:10.1111/j/1365-2109.2012.03160.x Masuda Y, Oku H, Nomura K, Teruya K, Tanaka H (2010) A colloid-type diet can be ingested by larvae of the Japanese eel Anguilla japonica (in Japanese with English abstract). J Fish Technol 2:99–104 Masuda Y, Tanaka H, Nomura K, Teruya K (2012) Breeding aquarium for plankton such as larva of eel, and method for feeding plankton (in Japanese). JP Pat 5062594 Savoie A, Le François NR, Cahu C, Blier PU, Andreassen I (2006) Do protein hydrolysate improve survival and growth of newly-hatched spotted wolffish (Anarhichas minor), a non-metamorphic aquaculture fish species? Aquaculture 261:782–788 Cahu CL, Zambonino Infante JL, Quazuguel P, Le Gall MM (1999) Protein hydrolysate vs. fish meal in compound diets for 10-day old sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax larvae. Aquaculture 171:109–119 Cahu CL, Zambonino Infante JL, Barbosa V (2003) Effect of dietary phospholipid level and phospholipid: neutral lipid value on the development of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae fed a compound diet. Br J Nutr 90:21–28 Buchet V, Zambonino Infante JL, Cahu CL (2000) Effect of lipid level in a compound diet on the development of red drum (Scianops ocellatus) larvae. Aquaculture 184:339–347 Robin JH, Vincent B (2003) Microparticulate diets as first food for gilthead sea bream larva (Sparus aurata): study fatty acid incorporation. Aquaculture 225:463–474 Carvalho AP, Sá R, Oliva-Teles A, Bergot P (2004) Solubility and peptide profile affect the utilization of dietary protein by common carp (Cyprinus carpio) during early larval stages. Aquaculture 234:319–333 Tachiki H, Nakagawa T, Tamura K, Hirose K (1997) Effects of oral administration of estradiol-17β to young on gonadal sex and growth of Japanese eel Anguilla japonica (in Japanese with English abstract). Aquac Sci 45:61–66 Kagawa H, Tanaka H, Ohta H, Okuzawa K, Iinuma N (1997) Induced ovulation by injection of 17,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one in the artificially matured Japanese eel, with special reference to ovulation time. Fish Sci 63:365–367 Ohta H, Kagawa H, Tanaka H, Okuzawa K, Hirose K (1996) Change in fertilization and hatching rates with time after ovulation induced by 17,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one in the Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica. Aquaculture 139:291–301 Satoh H, Yamamori K, Hibiya T (1992) Induced spawning of the Japanese eel. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58:825–832 Kagawa H, Kasuga Y, Adachi J, Nishi A, Hashimoto H, Imaizumi H, Kaji S (2009) Effects of continuous administration of human chorionic gonadotropin, salmon pituitary extract, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone using osmotic pumps on induction of sexual maturation in male Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica. Aquaculture 296:117–122 Horie N, Utoh T, Mikawa N, Yamada Y, Okamura A, Tanaka S, Tsukamoto K (2008) Influence of artificial fertilization methods of the hormone-treated Japanese eel Anguilla japonica upon the quality of eggs and larvae (Comparison between stripping-insemination and spontaneous spawning methods) (in Japanese with English abstract). Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 74:26–35 Fontagné S, Burtaire L, Corraze G, Bergot P (2000) Effects of dietary medium-chain triacylglycerols (tricaprylin and tricaproin) and phospholipid supply on survival, growth and lipid metabolism in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) larvae. Aquaculture 190:289–303 Yamamoto T, Teruya K, Hara T, Hokazono H, Kai I, Hashimoto H, Furuita H, Matsunari H, Mushiake K (2009) Nutritional evaluation of rotifers in rearing tanks without water exchange during seed production of amberjack Seriola dumerili. Fish Sci 75:697–705 Folch J, Lees M, Stanley GHS (1957) A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. J Biol Chem 226:497–509 Juaneda P, Rocquelin G (1985) Rapid and convenient separation of phospholipids and non phosphorous lipids from rat heart using silica cartridges. Lipids 20:40–41 Murashita K, Furuita H, Matsunari H, Yamamoto T, Awaji M, Nomura K, Nagao J, Tanaka H (2012) Partial characterization and ontogenetic development of pancreatic digestive enzymes in Japanese eel Anguilla japonica larvae. Fish Physiol Biochem. doi:10.1007/s10695-012-9749-3 Coutteau P, Geurden I, Camara MR, Bergot P, Sorgeloos P (1997) Review on the dietary effects of phospholipids in fish and crustacean larviculture. Aquaculture 155:149–164 Wold P-A, Hoehne-Reitan K, Cahu CL, Zambonino Infante J, Rainuzzo J, Kjørsvik E (2007) Phospholipids vs. neutral lipids: effects on digestive enzymes in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) larvae. Aquaculture 272:502–513