Change in retinal structural anatomy during the preclinical stage of Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer's and Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment and Disease Monitoring - Tập 10 - Trang 196-209 - 2018
Cláudia Y. Santos1,2, Lenworth N. Johnson2,3, Stuart E. Sinoff4, Elena K. Festa5, William C. Heindel5, Peter J. Snyder1,2,6
1Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
2Lifespan Clinical Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
3Department of Ophthalmology, Rhode Island Hospital & Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
4Department of Ophthalmology, BayCare Medical Group, Clearwater, FL, USA
5Department of Cognitive, Linguistic, and Psychological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
6Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA

Tóm tắt

AbstractIntroductionWe conducted a 27‐month longitudinal study of mid‐life adults with preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD), using spectral domain optical coherence tomography to compare changes in volume and thickness in all retinal neuronal layers to those of age‐matched healthy control subjects.MethodsFifty‐six older adults (mean age = 65.36 years) with multiple risk factors for AD completed spectral domain optical coherence tomography retinal imaging and cognitive testing at baseline. Twenty‐seven months later, they completed the same examinations and an 18F‐florbetapir positron emission tomography imaging study.ResultsCompared to healthy control subjects, those in the preclinical stage of AD showed a significant decrease in macular retinal nerve fiber layer (mRNFL) volume, over a 27‐month follow‐up interval period, as well as a decrease in outer nuclear layer and inner plexiform layer volumes and thickness in the inferior quadrant. However, only the mRNFL volume was linearly related to neocortical positron emission tomography amyloid standardized uptake value ratio after controlling for any main effects of age (R2 = 0.103; ρ = 0.017). Furthermore, the magnitude of mRNFL volume reduction was significantly correlated with performance on a task of participants' abilities to efficiently integrate visual and auditory speech information (McGurk effect).DiscussionWe observed a decrease in mRNFL, outer nuclear layer, and inner plexiform layer volumes, in preclinical AD relative to controls. Moreover, the largely myelinated axonal loss in the RNFL is related to increased neocortical amyloid‐β accumulation after controlling for age. Volume loss in the RNFL, during the preclinical stage, is not related to performance on measures of episodic memory or problem solving. However, this retinal change does appear to be modestly related to relative decrements in performance on a measure of audiovisual integration efficiency that has been recently advanced as a possible early cognitive marker of mild cognitive impairment.

Tài liệu tham khảo

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Alzheimer's and Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment and Disease Monitoring

Tập 10

196-209

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