Quantitative trait loci affecting cotton fiber are linked to the t1 locus in upland cotton
Tóm tắt
Pilose (T
1), a dominant marker in upland cotton, has been associated with coarse, short fibers. Pilose was, thereby, considered to be pleiotropic on fiber fineness and length. However, a pilose-expressing line with a fiber of average fineness was recently identified. This finding does not support pleiotropy between T
1 and fiber traits, but is indicative of linkage between pilose and loci influencing fiber characteristics. To understand the relationship between T
1 and fiber traits, a pilose line with short, coarse fiber was crossed to two t
1 lines with standard fiber characteristics. One hundred and forty-nine F2-derived F3 lines were developed from one cross, and 60 F2-derived F3 lines from the other. Seven fiber traits (elongation, maturity, micronaire reading, perimeter, 2.5% span length, strength, and wall thickness) were measured. Segregation was normal, as indicated by allelic frequencies of 0.5 for T
1 and t
1, and segregation ratios of 1∶2∶1 for marker genotypes. The association of homozygous T
1 lines with fibers of average fineness was again observed. Linkage between T
1 and loci affecting micronaire, perimeter, 2.5% span length, strength, and wall thickness was found in both populations. Significant additive and non-additive gene effects for each of these traits at the marker locus were found as well. The pilose marker accounted for 10–75% of the phenotypic variation associated with each trait. In conclusion, the t
1 locus is linked to numerous loci that influence fiber traits, and this linkage has previously been misinterpreted as pleiotropy.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Ballard WW (1950) Breeding methods used in the development of Empire cotton. In: Proc 2nd Cotton Improve Conf
Bridge RR, Meredith WR Jr (1983) Comparative performance of obsolete and current cotton cultivars. Crop Sci 23:949–952
Bubeck DM, Goodman MM, Beavis WD, Grant D (1993) Quantitative trait loci controlling resistance to gray leaf spot in maize. Crop Sci 33:838–847
Carbonell EA, Asins MJ, Baselga M, Balansard E, Gerig TM (1993) Power studies in the estimation of genetic parameters and the localization of quantitative trait loci for backcross and doubled haploid populations. Theor Appl Genet 86:411–416
Gulp TW, Harrell DC (1980) Registration of extra-long staple cotton germplasm (Reg. no. GP 150 to GP 154). Crop Sci 20:291
Edwards MD, Stuber CW, Wendel JF (1987) Molecular-marker-facilitated investigations of quantitative-trait loci in maize. I. Numbers, genomic distribution and types of gene action. Genetics 116:113–125
Endrizzi JE (1975) Monosomic analysis of 23 mutant loci in cotton. J Hered 66:163–165
Endrizzi JE, Kohel RJ (1966) Use of telosomes in mapping three chromosomes in cotton. Genetics 54:535–550
Hanson, WD (1959) Early generation analysis of lengths of heterozygous chromosome segments around a locus held heterozygous with backcrossing or selfing. Genetics 44:833–837
Kloth RH (1993) New evidence relating the pilose allele and micronaire reading in cotton. Crop Sci 33:683–687
Knapp SJ, Bridges WC Jr, Birkes D (1990) Mapping quantitative trait loci using molecular marker linkage maps. Theor Appl Genet 79:583–592
Knight RL (1952) The genetics of jassid resistance in cotton. I. Thegenes H1 and H2. J Genet 51:47–66
Kohel RJ, Lewis CF, Richmond TR (1967) Isogenic lines in American upland cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L.: preliminary evaluation of lint measurements. Crop Sci 7:67–70
Lander ES, Botstein D (1989) Mapping Mendelian factors underlying quantitative traits using RFLP linkage maps. Genetics 121:185–199
Lee JA (1964) Effects of the pilose allele, H 2, on a long staple upland cotton. Crop Sci 4:442–443
Lee JA (1984) Effects of two pilosity alleles on agronomic and fiber traits in upland cotton. Crop Sci 24:127–129
Lee, JA (1985) Revision of the genetics of the hairiness-smoothness system of Gossypium. J Hered 76:123–126
Luo ZW, Woolliams JA (1993) Estimation of genetic parameters using linkage between a marker gene and a locus underlying a quantitative character in F2 populations. Heredity 70:245–253
Menzel MV, Brown ML (1954) The tolerance of Gossypium hirsutum for deficiencies and duplications. Am Nat 88:407–418
Meredith WR Jr (1977) Backcross breeding to increase fiber strength of cotton. Crop Sci 17:172–175
Meredith WR Jr (1980) Use of insect resistant germplasm in reducing the cost of production in the 1980's. In: Brown, JM (ed) Proc Beltwide Cotton Conf. National Cotton Council of America, Memphis, Tenn., pp 307–310
Meredith WRJr (1984) Quantitative genetics. In: Kohel, RJ, Lewis, CF (eds) Cotton. Am Soc Agron, Crop Sci Am, Soil Sci Soc Am, Madison, Wisc. (Agronomy 24:132–150)
Meredith WRJr (1993) Registration of ‘MD51ne’ cotton. Crop Sci 33:1415
Meredith WR Jr, Bridge RR (1971) Breakup of linkage blocks in cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. Crop Sci 11: 695–698
Miller PA, Rawlings JO (1967) Breakup of initial linkage blocks through intermating in a cotton breeding program. Crop Sci 7: 199–204
Mode CJ, Robinson HF (1959) Pleiotropism and the genetic variance and covariance. Biometrics 15:518–537
Moll RH, Lindsey MF, Robinson HF (1964) Estimates of genetic variances and levels of dominance in maize. Genetics 49:411–423
Paterson AH, Damon S, Hewitt JD, Zamir D, Rabinowitch HD, Lincoln SE, Lander ES, Tanksley SD (1991) Mendelian factors underlying quantitative traits in tomato: comparison across species, generations and environments. Genetics 127:181–197
Ramey HH, Miller PA (1966) Partitioned genetic variances for several characters in a cotton population of interspecific origin. Crop Sci 6:123–125
SAS Institute (1985) SAS user's guide. Statistics. SAS Institute, Inc, Cary N.C., RL, Miller, PA (1976) Genetic associations between yield and fiber strength in upland cotton. Crop Sci 16: 780–783
Schön CS, Lee M, Melchinger AE, Guthrie WD, Woodman WL (1993) Mapping and characterization of quantitative trait loci affecting resistance against second-generation European corn borer in maize with the aid of RFLPs. Heredity 70:648–659
Simpson DM (1947) Fuzzy leaf in cotton and its association with short lint. J Hered 38:153–156
Snedecor GW, Cochran WG (1967) Statistical methods. Iowa State Univ Press, Ames, Iowa
Steele RGD, Torrie JH (1960) Principles and procedures of statistics. McGraw-Hill Book Co, Inc, New York Toronto London
Stuber CW, Lincoln SE, Wolff DW, Helentjaris T, Lander ES (1992) Identification of genetic factors contributing to heterosis in a hybrid from two elite maize inbred lines using molecular markers. Genetics 132:823–839
Wells R, Meredith WR Jr (1984a) Comparative growth of obsolete and modern cotton cultivars. I. Vegetative dry matter partitioning. Crop Sci 24: 858–862
Wells R, Meredith WR Jr (1984b) Comparative growth of obsolete and modern cotton cultivars. II. Reproductive dry matter partitioning. Crop Sci 24: 863–867
Wells R, Meredith WR Jr (1984c) Comparative growth of obsolete and modern cotton cultivars. III. Relationship of yield to observed growth characteristics. Crop Sci 24: 868–872
Zehr BE, Dudley JW, Chojecki J, Saghai Maroof MA, Mowers RP (1992) Use of RFLP markers to search for alleles in a maize population for improvement of an elite hybrid. Theo Appl Genet 83:903–911