Economics of intercropping loblolly pine and switchgrass for bioenergy markets in the southeastern United States
Tóm tắt
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Adams J, Land S, Belli K, Matney T (2008) Comparison of 17-year realized plot volume gains with selection for early traits for loblolly pine (Pinus Taeda L.). For Ecol Manag 255(5–6):1781–1788. doi: 10.1016/j.foreco.2007.11.041
Allen S, Jose S, Nair P, Brecke B, Ramsey C (2004) Competition for 15 N-labeled fertilizer in a pecan (Carya illinoensis K. Koch)-cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) alley cropping system in the southern United States. Plant Soil 263(1):151–164
Barron-Gafford G, Will R, Colter Burkes E, Shiver B, Teskey R (2003) Nutrient concentrations and contents, and their relation to stem growth, of intensively managed Pinus taeda and Pinus elliottii stands of different planting densities. For Sci 49(2):29–300
Blazier M (2009) Perfect pair for biofuel: switchgrass and trees. La Agric Mag 53(4):23–24
Burner D (2003) Influence of alley crop environment on orchardgrass and tall fescue herbage. Agron J 95(5):1163–1171. doi: 10.2134/agronj2003.1163
Burner D, Brauer D (2003) Herbage response to spacing of loblolly pine trees in a minimal management silvopasture in southeastern USA. Agrofor Syst 57(1):69–77. doi: 10.1023/A:1022943224478
Burner D, MacKown C (2005) Herbage nitrogen recovery in a meadow and loblolly pine alley. Crop Sci 45(5):1817–1825. doi: 10.2135/cropsci2004.0607
Cassida K, Muir J, Hussey M, Read J, Venuto B, Ocumpaugh W (2005) Biofuel component concentrations and yields of switchgrass in south central U.S. environments. Crop Sci 45(2):682–692. doi: 10.2135/cropsci2005.0682
Chescheir G, Youssef M, Birgand F, Appelboom T, Skaggs R (2011) Sustainability of biofuel feedstock production in forestry settings. In: Water Resources Research Institute Annual conference and North Carolina Water Resources Association symposium of the University of North Carolina, Jane S. McKimmom Center, Raleigh, 22–23 March 2011
Dean, T, Baldwin, V (1993) Using a density-management diagram to develop thinning schedules for loblolly pine plantations. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service Southern Forest Experiment Station, Resource Paper SO-275, New Orleans
Dean T, Jokela E (1992) A density-management diagram for slash pine plantations in the lower coastal plain. South J Appl For 6(4):178–185
Dickens D, Dangerfield C, Moorhead D (2007) Economics of growing slash and loblolly pine to a 24-year rotation with and without thinning, fertilization, and pine straw–net revenue and rate of return. Series paper 1. University of Georgia, Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, Athens
Fike J, Parrish D, Wolf D, Balasko J, Green J, Monroe R, Reynolds J (2006) Switchgrass production for the upper southeastern USA: influence of cultivar and cutting frequency on biomass yields. Biomass Bioenergy 30(3):207–213. doi: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2005.10.008
Fox T, Allen H, Albaugh T, Rubilar R, Carlson C (2007) Tree nutrition and forest fertilization of pine plantations in the southern United States. South J Appl For 31(1):5–11
Gong P, Lofgren K (2007) Market and welfare implications of the reservation price strategy for forest harvest decisions. J For Econ 13(4):217–243. doi: 10.1016/j.jfe.2007.06.001
Gonzalez-Benecke, C, Martin T, Jokela E, De La Torre R (2011) A flexible hybrid model of life cycle carbon balance for loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) management systems. Forests 2(3):749–776. doi: 10.3390/f2030749
Harrison, W, Borders, B (1996) Yield prediction and growth projection for site-prepared loblolly pine plantations in the Carolinas, Georgia, Alabama and Florida: University of Georgia, Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resource, Plantation Management Research Cooperative Technical Report 1996-1, Athens
Haywood J, Tiarks A, Sword M (1997) Fertilization, weed control, and pine litter influence loblolly pine stem productivity and root development. New For 14(3):233–249. doi: 10.1023/A:1006576200895
Jokela E, Dougherty P, Martin T (2004) Production dynamics of intensively managed loblolly pine stands in the southern United States: a synthesis of seven long- term experiments. For Ecol Manag 192(1):117–130. doi: 10.1016/j.foreco.2004.01.007
Jokela E, Martin T, Vogel J (2010) Twenty-five years of intensive forest management with southern pines: important lessons learned. J For 108(7):338–347
Jose S, Gillespie A, Pallardy S (2004) Interspecific interactions in temperate agroforestry: new visitas in agroforestry. Agrofor Syst 61(1):237–255. doi: 10.1023/B:AGFO.0000029002.85273.9b
Lin C, McGraw R, George M, Garret H (1999) Shade effects on forage crops with potential in temperate agroforestry practices. Agrofor Syst 44(2–3):109–119. doi: 10.1023/A:1006205116354
Lohmander P (2000) Optimal sequential forestry decisions under risk. Ann Oper Res 95(1–4):217–228. doi: 10.1023/A:1018918627946
Lu F, Gong P (2003) Optimal stocking level and final harvest age with stochastic prices. J For Econ 9(2):119–136. doi: 10.1078/1104-6899-00026
McLaughlin S, Kzos A (2005) Development of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) as a bioenergy feedstock in the United States. Biomass Bioenergy 28(6):515–535. doi: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2004.05.006
McLaughlin S, de la Torre Ugarte D, Garten C Jr, Lynd L, Sanderson M, Tolbert V, Wolf D (2002) High-value renewable energy from prairie grasses. Environ Sci Technol 36(10):2122–2129. doi: 10.1021/es010963d
Mei, B, Clutter, M, Harris, T (2009) Stumpage price volatility in the U.S. South. In: Siry J, Izlar B, Bettinger P, Harris T, Tye T, Baldwin S, Merry K (eds) Proceedings of the 2008 Southern forest economics workers annual meeting. Center for Forest Business Publication Savannah, 224–231, 9–14 March 2008
Mitchell R, Vogel K, Gautam S (2008) Managing and enhancing switchgrass as a bioenergy feedstock. Biofuels Bioprod Biorefin 2(6):530–539
Mooney D, Roberts R, English B, Tyler D, Larson J (2009) Yield and breakeven price of ‘Alamo’ switchgrass for biofuels in Tennessee. Agron J 101(5):1234–1242. doi: 10.2134/agronj2009.0090
Neary D, Rockwood D, Comeford N, Swindel B, Cooksey T (1990) Importance of weed control, fertilization, irrigation, and genetics in slash and loblolly pine early growth on poorly drained spodosols. For Ecol Manag 30(1–4):271–281. doi: 10.1016/0378-1127(90)90142-X
Parrish D, Fike J (2009) Selecting, establishing, and managing switchgrass (Panicum Virgatum) for biofuels. In: Mielenz J (ed) Biofuels: Methods and Protocols. Methods in Molecular Biology 581, Humana Press, New York, pp 27–40
Parrish D, Fike J (2005) The biology and agronomy of switchgrass for biofuels. Crit Rev Plant Sci 24(5–6):423–459. doi: 10.1080/07352680500316433
Perrin R, Vogel K, Schmer M, Mitchell R (2008) Farm-scale production cost of switchgrass for biomass. Bioenergy Res 1:91–97. doi: 10.1007/s12155-008-9005-y
Peter G, White D, Torre R, Singh R, Newman D (2007) The value of forest biotechnology: a cost modelling study with loblolly pine and kraft linerboard in the southeastern USA. Int J Biotechnol 9(5):415–435. doi: 10.1504/IJBT.2007.014269
Radtke P (1996) Basal area growth and crown dynamics in a loblolly pine spacing trial. Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Reineke L (1933) Perfecting a stand-density index for even-aged forests. J Agric Res 46:627–638
Schultz R (1997) Loblolly pine: the ecology and culture of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L). US Department of Agriculture, Washington
Scott A, Tiarks A (2008) Dual-cropping loblolly pine for biomass energy and conventional wood products. South J Appl For 32(1):33–37
Smidt M, Silveira Folegatti B, Dubois M (2005) Costs and cost trends for forestry practices in the south. For Landowner 64:25–31
Southeastern Sun Grant Center (2009) Sun Grant/US Department of Transportation Competitive Grant Awards. http://sungrant.tennessee.edu/Grants/2009+Roberts+MS+State.htm . Accessed 10 May 2011
Stainback A, Alavalapati J (2004) Restoring longleaf pine through silvopasture practices: an economic analysis. For Policy Econ 6(3–4):371–378. doi: 10.1016/j.forpol.2004.03.0
Svensson J, McKeand S, Allen H (1999) Genetic variation in height and volume of loblolly pine open-pollinated families during canopy closure. Silvae Genet 48(3–4):204–208
Thomson T (1992) Optimal forest rotation when stumpage prices follow a diffusion process. Land Econ 68(3):329–342
Thomson A, Izarrualde C, West T, Parrish D, Williams D, Tyler J (2009) Simulating potential switchgrass production in the United States. US Department of Energy, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Report PNNL-19072, Richland
Timber Mart South (2006) Timber Mart South market newsletter: quarterly stumpage prices 1976–2005. Frank W. Norris Foundation, Athens
Timber Mart South (2010) Timber Mart-South market news quarterly-4th quarter 2010 vol 15, no. 4-A.: University of Georgia, Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, Frank W. Norris Foundation, Athens
United States Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics (2011) Producer price index commodities: lumber and wood products. http://data.bls.gov/pdq/querytool.jsp ? survey=wp. Accessed 15 September 2011
University of Tennessee- Institute of Agriculture (2009) Guideline switchgrass establishment and annual production budgets over three year planning horizon. University of Tennessee, Institute of Agriculture, E12-4115-00-001-08, Knoxville
Vogel K (1996) Energy production from forages (or American agriculture—back to the future). J Soil Water Conserv 51(2):137–139
Vogel K, Brejda J, Walters D, Buxton D (2002) Switchgrass biomass production in the midwest USA: harvest and nitrogen management. Agron J 94(3):413–420
Wullscheleger S, Davis E, Borsul M, Gunderson C, Lynd L (2010) Biomass production in switchgrass across the United States: database description and determinants of yield. Agron J 102(4):1158–1168. doi: 10.2134/agronj2010.0087
Zamora D, Jose S, Napolitano K (2009) Competition for 15N labeled nitrogen in a loblolly pine–cotton alley cropping system in the southeastern United States. Agric Ecosyst Environ 131(1):40–50. doi: 10.1016/j.agee.2008.08.012
Zeide, B, Stephens, J (2010) The densest loblolly pine stand and its silvicultural implications. In: Stanturf J (ed). Proceedings of the 14th biennial southern silvicultural research conference. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station General Technical Report SRS–121. Asheville, pp 339–342
Zhao D, Kane M, Borders B, Harrison H (2008) Pine growth response to different site-preparation methods with or without post-plant herbaceous weed control on north Florida’s lower coastal plain. For Ecol Manag 255(7):2512–2523. doi: 10.1016/j.foreco.2008.01.011