Concepts used by various authors are analyzed in order to define agroforestry and discuss, in detail, some ambiguous terms often encountered (biological and economic interactions, time sequences, etc.). Only those concepts which differentiate agroforestry from other non-agroforestry forms of land use are retained as part of the definition, which is: agroforestry is a form of multiple cropping unde...... hiện toàn bộ
The relative importance of N fixation, organic material inputs and nutrient inputs in litterfall, as justifications for including shade trees in plantations of coffee or cacao, is discussed. According to existing data, N fixation by leguminous shade trees does not exceed 60 kg.N/ha/a. However, these trees contribute 5,000–10,000 kg. organic material/ha/a. Comparisons are made between the leguminou...... hiện toàn bộ
Frederick W. Cubbage, Gustavo Balmelli, Adriana Bussoni, Elke Noellemeyer, Anibal Nahuel Alejandro Pachas, Hugo Enrique Fassola, Luís Colcombet, Belén Rossner, Gregory E. Frey, Francis Dubé, Marcio Lopes de Silva, Hayley Stevenson, James W. Hamilton, W. G. Hubbard