Fuel Metabolism in Starvation

Annual Review of Nutrition - Tập 26 Số 1 - Trang 1-22 - 2006
George F. Cahill1
1Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.

Tóm tắt

▪ Abstract  This article, which is partly biographical and partly scientific, summarizes a life in academic medicine. It relates my progress from benchside to bedside and then to academic and research administration, and concludes with the teaching of human biology to college undergraduates. My experience as an intern (anno 1953) treating a youngster in diabetic ketoacidosis underscored our ignorance of the controls in human fuel metabolism. Circulating free fatty acids were then unknown, insulin could not be measured in biologic fluids, and β-hydroxybutyric acid, which was difficult to measure, was considered by many a metabolic poison. The central role of insulin and the metabolism of free fatty acids, glycerol, glucose, lactate, and pyruvate, combined with indirect calorimetry, needed characterization in a near-steady state, namely prolonged starvation. This is the main topic of this chapter. Due to its use by brain, D-β-hydroxybutyric acid not only has permitted man to survive prolonged starvation, but also may have therapeutic potential owing to its greater efficiency in providing cellular energy in ischemic states such as stroke, myocardial insufficiency, neonatal stress, genetic mitochondrial problems, and physical fatigue.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

10.1089/152091501750220073

10.1093/ajcn/28.5.507

Ashmore J, 1957, J. Biol. Chem., 224, 225, 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)65024-0

Benedict FG. 1915. A study of prolonged fasting.Carnegie Inst. Wash.Publ. 203

10.1172/JCI112299

10.1056/NEJM197003052821026

Cahill GF, 2005, Pharos, 68, 8

Cahill GF, 1972, Handbook of Physiology, Section 7: Endocrinology, 563

10.1152/ajplegacy.1958.192.3.491

10.1016/0002-9343(59)90316-X

10.1172/JCI105481

Cahill GF, 2003, Trans. Am. Clin. Climatol. Assoc., 114, 149

10.1016/S0022-3476(77)81020-2

10.1016/S0065-2911(08)60088-0

10.1016/0065-2571(69)90008-9

10.1093/ajcn/23.7.986

10.1172/JCI106017

10.1126/science.167.3920.1003

Fenn WO, 1940, J. Biol. Chem., 136, 87, 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)73082-2

10.1056/NEJMra041996

10.2337/diab.21.1.50

10.1542/peds.102.6.1358

10.1079/PNS19940015

10.1172/JCI107839

10.1172/JCI103131

10.1177/088307380001501203

10.1172/JCI105375

Hannaford MC, 1982, Am. J. Physiol., 243, E251

10.1002/bmb.2005.49403304243

10.1016/0026-0495(82)90024-5

10.1210/jcem-38-4-521

Heinbecker P, 1928, J. Biol. Chem., 80, 461, 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)83867-4

10.1152/ajplegacy.1969.217.3.784

10.1172/JCI105610

Kashiwaya Y, 1994, J. Biol. Chem., 269, 25502, 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)47278-X

10.1073/pnas.97.10.5440

10.1161/01.STR.11.5.506

10.1128/jb.177.3.491-496.1995

10.1146/annurev.nutr.20.1.339

10.1002/(SICI)1520-7560(199911/12)15:6<412::AID-DMRR72>3.0.CO;2-8

Lardy HA, 1945, Arch. Biochem., 6, 53

10.3181/00379727-102-25306

10.1136/bmj.317.7171.1481

10.1172/JCI106552

McKinlay WL. 1976.The Last Voyage of the Karluk. A Survivor's Memoir of Arctic Disaster. New York: Martin's Press. 168pp.

10.1093/ajcn/54.1.81

10.1016/S1474-4422(02)00043-1

10.1002/bmb.2005.49403304246

10.1172/JCI106016

10.1172/JCI105650

10.1093/ajcn/68.1.12

10.1172/JCI106940

Pozefsky T, 1968, Assoc. Am. Physicians, 81, 258

10.1042/bst0260125

10.1172/JCI107584

Renold AE, Cahill GF Jr, eds. 1965.Handbook of Physiology, Section 5: Adipose Tissue.Washington, DC: Am. Physiol. Soc. 824pp.

10.1007/978-3-642-58444-2_8

10.1007/s00592-003-0037-7

10.1152/physrev.1980.60.1.143

10.1002/ajpa.1330350605

10.1177/08830738050200010501

Ruderman NB, 1976, Gluconeogenesis: Its Regulation in Mammalian Species, 515

10.1042/bj1380001

10.1172/JCI107410

10.1172/JCI107016

10.1096/fasebj.9.8.7768357

10.1016/S0022-3476(81)80583-5

Schneider ED, Sagan D. 2005.Into the Cool: Energy Flow, Thermodynamics and Life.Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press. 362pp.

10.2337/diab.14.12.771

Stadtlander Lu JJ, Morgan-Boyd RL, Nelson RA, Peper RL. 2000. Serum chemistries in black bears in active and denning sites.FASEB J.14(4), Abstract 451.5

10.1126/science.1070534

Suzuki M, 2001, J. Pharmacol., 87, 143

10.1074/jbc.C500213200

Tilney NL. 2003.Transplant, from Myth to Reality.New York: Donnelley. 320pp.

10.1016/S0140-6736(03)13105-4

10.1212/01.WNL.0000152046.11390.45

10.1301/nr.2003.oct.327-341

10.1242/jeb.01064

10.1016/j.plefa.2003.09.007

10.1080/152165401753311780

10.1042/cs0860677

10.1042/bj0820090

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Annual Review of Nutrition

Tập 26 Số 1

1-22

Thông tin tác giả