Determinants of physical activity and exercise in healthy older adults: A systematic review
Tóm tắt
The health benefits of regular physical activity and exercise have been widely acknowledged. Unfortunately, a decline in physical activity is observed in older adults. Knowledge of the determinants of physical activity (unstructured activity incorporated in daily life) and exercise (structured, planned and repetitive activities) is needed to effectively promote an active lifestyle. Our aim was to systematically review determinants of physical activity and exercise participation among healthy older adults, considering the methodological quality of the included studies. Literature searches were conducted in PubMed/Medline and PsycINFO/OVID for peer reviewed manuscripts published in English from 1990 onwards. We included manuscripts that met the following criteria: 1) population: community dwelling healthy older adults, aged 55 and over; 2) reporting determinants of physical activity or exercise. The outcome measure was qualified as physical activity, exercise, or combination of the two, measured objectively or using self-report. The methodological quality of the selected studies was examined and a best evidence synthesis was applied to assess the association of the determinants with physical activity or exercise. Thirty-four manuscripts reporting on 30 studies met the inclusion criteria, of which two were of high methodological quality. Physical activity was reported in four manuscripts, exercise was reported in sixteen and a combination of the two was reported in fourteen manuscripts. Three manuscripts used objective measures, twenty-two manuscripts used self-report measures and nine manuscripts combined a self-report measure with an objective measure. Due to lack of high quality studies and often only one manuscript reporting on a particular determinant, we concluded "insufficient evidence" for most associations between determinants and physical activity or exercise. Because physical activity was reported in four manuscripts only, the determinants of physical activity particularly need further study. Recommendations for future research include the use of objective measures of physical activity or exercise as well as valid and reliable measures of determinants.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Nelson ME, Rejeski WJ, Blair SN, Duncan PW, Judge JO, King AC, Macera CA, Castaneda-Sceppa C: Physical activity and public health in older adults: recommendation from the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2007, 39: 1435-1445. 10.1249/mss.0b013e3180616aa2.
Singh MA: Exercise comes of age: rationale and recommendations for a geriatric exercise prescription. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2002, 57: M262-M282. 10.1093/gerona/57.5.M262.
Chodzko-Zajko WJ, Proctor DN, Fiatarone Singh MA, Minson CT, Nigg CR, Salem GJ, Skinner JS: American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Exercise and physical activity for older adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2009, 41: 1510-1530. 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181a0c95c.
Ecclestone NA, Myers AM, Paterson DH: Tracking older participants of twelve physical activity classes over a three-year period. J Aging Phys Act. 1998, 6: 70-82.
Stiggelbout M, Hopman-Rock M, Tak E, Lechner L, van MW: Dropout from exercise programs for seniors: a prospective cohort study. J Aging Phys Act. 2005, 13: 406-421.
Martin KA, Sinden AR: Who Will Stay and Who Will Go? A Review of Older Adults' Adherence to Randomized Controlled Trials of Exercise. J Aging Phys Act. 2001, 9: 91-114.
van Stralen MM, de Vries H, Mudde AN, Bolman C, Lechner L: Determinants of initiation and maintenance of physical activity among older adults: a literature review. Health Psychol Review. 2009, 3: 147-207. 10.1080/17437190903229462.
Caspersen CJ, Powell KE, Christenson G: Physical activity, exercise and physical fitness: definitions and distinctions for health-related research. Public Health Rep. 1985, 100: 126-131.
Chinapaw MJ, Proper KI, Brug J, van MW, Singh AS: Relationship between young peoples' sedentary behaviour and biomedical health indicators: a systematic review of prospective studies. Obes Rev. 2011, 12: e621-e632. 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00865.x.
Brown H, Hume C, ChinAPaw M: Validity and reliability of instruments to assess potential mediators of children's physical activity: A systematic review. J Sci Med Sport. 2009, 12: 539-548. 10.1016/j.jsams.2009.01.002.
Uijtdewilligen L, Nauta J, Singh AS, van MW, Twisk JW, van der HK, Chinapaw MJ: Determinants of physical activity and sedentary behaviour in young people: a review and quality synthesis of prospective studies. Br J Sports Med. 2011, 45: 896-905. 10.1136/bjsports-2011-090197.
Burton LC, Shapiro S, German PS: Determinants of physical activity initiation and maintenance among community-dwelling older persons. Prev Med. 1999, 29: 422-430. 10.1006/pmed.1999.0561.
Hirvensalo M, Lintunen T, Rantanen T: The continuity of physical activity--a retrospective and prospective study among older people. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2000, 10: 37-41. 10.1034/j.1600-0838.2000.010001037.x.
Kahana E, Kahana B, Zhang J: Motivational Antecedents of Preventive Proactivity in Late Life: Linking Future Orientation and Exercise. Motiv Emot. 2005, 29: 438-459. 10.1007/s11031-006-9012-2.
Li F, Fisher J, Brownson RC: A multilevel analysis of change in neighborhood walking activity in older adults. J Aging Phys Act. 2005, 13: 145-159.
Michael YL, Perdue LA, Orwoll ES, Stefanick ML, Marshall LM: Physical Activity Resources and Changes in Walking in a Cohort of Older Men. Am J Public Health. 2010, 100: 654-660. 10.2105/AJPH.2009.172031.
Nitz JC, Choy NL: Changes in activity level in women aged 40-80 years. Climacteric. 2007, 10: 408-415. 10.1080/13697130701624955.
Shaw BA, Spokane LS: Examining the association between education level and physical activity changes during early old age. J Aging Health. 2008, 20: 767-787. 10.1177/0898264308321081.
Shimada H, Lord SR, Yoshida H, Kim H, Suzuki T: Predictors of cessation of regular leisure-time physical activity in community-dwelling elderly people. Gerontology. 2007, 53: 293-297. 10.1159/000103214.
Stiggelbout M, Hopman-Rock M, Crone M, Lechner L, van MW: Predicting older adults' maintenance in exercise participation using an integrated social psychological model. Health Educ Res. 2006, 21: 1-14. 10.1093/her/cyl147.
Touvier M, Bertrais S, Charreire H, Vergnaud AC, Hercberg S, Oppert JM: Changes in leisure-time physical activity and sedentary behaviour at retirement: a prospective study in middle-aged French subjects. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2010, 7: 14-10.1186/1479-5868-7-14.
Tu W, Stump TE, Damush TM, Clark DO: The effects of health and environment on exercise-class participation in older, urban women. J Aging Phys Act. 2004, 12: 480-496.
Yasunaga A, Togo F, Watanabe E, Park H, Park S, Shephard RJ, Aoyagi Y: Sex, age, season, and habitual physical activity of older Japanese: the Nakanojo study. J Aging Phys Act. 2008, 16: 3-13.
Boyette LW, Sharon BF, Brandon LJ: Exercise adherence for a strength training program in older adults. J Nutr Health Aging. 1997, 1: 93-97.
Brassington GS, Atienza AA, Perczek RE, DiLorenzo TM, King AC: Intervention-related cognitive versus social mediators of exercise adherence in the elderly. Am J Prev Med. 2002, 23: 80-86. 10.1016/S0749-3797(02)00477-4.
Emery CF, Hauck ER, Blumenthal JA: Exercise adherence or maintenance among older adults: 1-year follow-up study. Psychol Aging. 1992, 7: 466-470.
Jancey J, Lee A, Howat P, Clarke A, Wang K, Shilton T: Reducing attrition in physical activity programs for older adults. J Aging Phys Act. 2007, 15: 152-165.
King AC, Kiernan M, Oman RF, Kraemer HC, Hull M, Ahn D: Can we identify who will adhere to long-term physical activity? Signal detection methodology as a potential aid to clinical decision making. Health Psychol. 1997, 16: 380-389.
Lucidi F, Grano C, Barbaranelli C, Violani C: Social-cognitive determinants of physical activity attendance in older adults. J Aging Phys Act. 2006, 14: 344-359.
McAuley E, Morris KS, Motl RW, Hu L, Konopack JF, Elavsky S: Long-term follow-up of physical activity behavior in older adults. Health Psychol. 2007, 26: 375-380.
Morey MC, Dubbert PM, Doyle ME, MacAller H, Crowley GM, Kuchibhatla M, Schenkman M, Horner RD: From Supervised to Unsupervised Exercise: Factors Associated with Exercise Adherence. J Aging Phys Act. 2003, 11: 351-368.
Oman RF, King AC: Predicting the adoption and maintenance of exercise participation using self-efficacy and previous exercise participation rates. Am J Health Promot. 1998, 12: 154-161. 10.4278/0890-1171-12.3.154.
Oman RF, King AC: The effect of life events and exercise program format on the adoption and maintenance of exercise behavior. Health Psychol. 2000, 19: 605-612.
Rhodes RE, Martin AD, Taunton JE: Temporal relationships of self-efficacy and social support as predictors of adherence in a 6-month strength-training program for older women. Percept Mot Skills. 2001, 93: 693-703.
Sarkisian CA, Prohaska TR, Davis C, Weiner B: Pilot test of an attribution retraining intervention to raise walking levels in sedentary older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2007, 55: 1842-1846. 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2007.01427.x.
Wilcox S, King AC: The effects of life events and interpersonal loss on exercise adherence in older adults. J Aging Phys Act. 2004, 12: 117-130.
Williams P, Lord SR: Predictors of adherence to a structured exercise program for older women. Psychol Aging. 1995, 10: 617-624.
Cheung C, Wyman J, Gross C, Peters J, Findorff M, Stock H: Exercise behavior in older adults: a test of the transtheoretical model. J Aging Phys Act. 2007, 15: 103-118.
Costanzo C, Walker SN: Incorporating self-efficacy and interpersonal support in an intervention to increase physical activity in older women. Women Health. 2008, 47: 91-108. 10.1080/03630240802100747.
Dubbert PM, Cooper KM, Kirchner KA, Meydrech EF, Bilbrew D: Effects of nurse counseling on walking for exercise in elderly primary care patients. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2002, 57: M733-M740. 10.1093/gerona/57.11.M733.
Finkelstein EA, Brown DS, Brown DR, Buchner DM: A randomized study of financial incentives to increase physical activity among sedentary older adults. Prev Med. 2008, 47: 182-187. 10.1016/j.ypmed.2008.05.002.
Garcia AW, King AC: Predicting Long-term Adhernce to Aerobic Exercise: A Comparison of Two Models. J Sport Exercise Psy. 1991, 13: 394-410.
Li F, McAuley E, Harmer P, Duncan TE, Chaumeton NR: Tai Chi Enhances Self-Efficacy and Exercise Behavior in Older Adults. J Aging Phys Act. 2001, 9: 161-171.
McAuley E, Jerome GJ, Elavsky S, Marquez DX, Ramsey SN: Predicting long-term maintenance of physical activity in older adults. Prev Med. 2003, 37: 110-118. 10.1016/S0091-7435(03)00089-6.
Oka RK, King AC, Young DR: Sources of social support as predictors of exercise adherence in women and men ages 50 to 65 years. Womens Health. 1995, 1: 161-175.
Opdenacker J, Boen F, Coorevits N, Delecluse C: Effectiveness of a lifestyle intervention and a structured exercise intervention in older adults. Prev Med. 2008, 46: 518-524. 10.1016/j.ypmed.2008.02.017.
Sevick MA, Dunn AL, Morrow MS, Marcus BH, Chen GJ, Blair SN: Cost-effectiveness of lifestyle and structured exercise interventions in sedentary adults. Results of project ACTIVE. Am J Prev Med. 2000, 19: 1-8.
Van Roie E, Delecluse C, Opdenacker J, De BK, Kennis E, Boen F: Effectiveness of a lifestyle physical activity versus a structured exercise intervention in older adults. J Aging Phys Act. 2010, 18: 335-352.
Forsen L, Loland NW, Vuillemin A, Chinapaw MJ, van Poppel MN, Mokkink LB, van MW, Terwee CB: Self-administered physical activity questionnaires for the elderly: a systematic review of measurement properties. Sports Med. 2010, 40: 601-623. 10.2165/11531350-000000000-00000.
Harris TJ, Owen CG, Victor CR, Adams R, Ekelund U, Cook DG: A comparison of questionnaire, accelerometer, and pedometer: Measures in older people. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2009, 41: 1392-1402. 10.1249/MSS.0b013e31819b3533.
Shephard RJ: Limits to the measurement of habitual physical activity by questionnaires. Br J Sports Med. 2003, 37: 197-206. 10.1136/bjsm.37.3.197.
Hawkins MS, Storti KL, Richardson CR, King WC, Strath SJ, Holleman RG, Kriska AM: Objectively measured physical activity of USA adults by sex, age, and racial/ethnic groups: a cross-sectional study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2009, 6: 31-10.1186/1479-5868-6-31.
Mathie MJ, Coster AC, Lovell NH, Celler BG: Accelerometry: providing an integrated, practical method for long-term, ambulatory monitoring of human movement. Physiol Meas. 2004, 25: R1-20. 10.1088/0967-3334/25/2/R01.
de Bruin ED, Hartmann A, Uebelhart D, Murer K, Zijlstra W: Wearable systems for monitoring mobility-related activities in older people: A systematic review. Clin Rehabil. 2008, 22: 878-895. 10.1177/0269215508090675.
Tudor-Locke C, Hart TL, Washington TL: Expected values for pedometer-determined physical activity in older populations. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2009, 6: 59-10.1186/1479-5868-6-59.
Bartholomew LK, Parcel GS, Kok G, Gottlieb NH: Planning health promotion programs. An intervention mapping approach. 2011, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, Third
Beunen G, Thomis M: Genetic determinants of sports participation and daily physical activity. Int J Obes. 1999, 23.
De Moor MHM, Posthuma D, Hottenga JJ, Willemsen G, Boomsma DI, De Geus EJC: Genome-wide linkage scan for exercise participation in Dutch sibling pairs. Eur J Hum Genet. 2007, 15: 1252-1259. 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201907.
Frederiksen H, Christensen K: The influence of genetic factors on physical functioning and exercise in second half of life. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2003, 13: 9-18. 10.1034/j.1600-0838.2003.20219.x.
Eyler A, Brownson R, Schmid T, Pratt M: Understanding Policies and Physical Activity: Frontiers of Knowledge to Improve Population Health. J Phys Activ Health. 2010, 7: S9-S12.
Scott F, Young A, Dinan-Young S, Harding M, Lewis S, Fisken S: EUNAAPA Work Package 5. Expert Survey on Physical Activity Programmes and Physical Activity Promotion Strategies for Older People. [http://www.eunaapa.org/media/cross-national_report_expert_survey_on_pa_programmes_and_promotion_strategies_2008_.pdf]
Ajzen I: The theory of planned behaviour. Organ Behav Hum Dec. 1991, 50: 179-211. 10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T.
Aarts H, Dijksterhuis A: Habits as knowledge structures: automaticity in goal-directed behavior. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2000, 78: 53-63.
Berry T, Spence JC: Automatic activation of exercise and sedentary stereotypes. Res Q Exerc Sport. 2009, 80: 633-640.
Berry TR: Who's even interested in the exercise message? attentional bias for exercise and sedentary-lifestyle related words. J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2006, 28: 4-17.
Dijksterhuis A, Bos MW, Nordgren LF, van Baaren RB: On making the right choice: the deliberation-without-attention effect. Science. 2006, 311: 1005-1007. 10.1126/science.1121629.
Kremers SP, de Bruijn GJ, Visscher TL, van MW, de Vries NK, Brug J: Environmental influences on energy balance-related behaviors: a dual-process view. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2006, 3: 9-10.1186/1479-5868-3-9.
Bryan A, Hutchison KE, Seals DR, Allen DL: A transdisciplinary model integrating genetic, physiological, and psychological correlates of voluntary exercise. Health Psychol. 2007, 26: 30-39.
Epstein LH: Integrating theoretical approaches to promote physical activity. Am J Prev Med. 1998, 15: 257-265. 10.1016/S0749-3797(98)00083-X.
Trost SG, Owen N, Bauman AE, Sallis JF, Brown W: Correlates of adults' participation in physical activity: review and update. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2002, 34: 1996-2001. 10.1097/00005768-200212000-00020.