The Arc of synaptic memory

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 200 - Trang 125-140 - 2009
Clive R. Bramham1, Maria N. Alme1, Margarethe Bittins1, Sjoukje D. Kuipers1, Rajeevkumar R. Nair1, Balagopal Pai1, Debabrata Panja1, Manja Schubert1, Jonathan Soule1, Adrian Tiron1, Karin Wibrand1
1Department of Biomedicine and Bergen Mental Health Research Center, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway

Tóm tắt

The immediate early gene Arc is emerging as a versatile, finely tuned system capable of coupling changes in neuronal activity patterns to synaptic plasticity, thereby optimizing information storage in the nervous system. Here, we attempt to overview the Arc system spanning from transcriptional regulation of the Arc gene, to dendritic transport, metabolism, and translation of Arc mRNA, to post-translational modification, localization, and degradation of Arc protein. Within this framework we discuss the function of Arc in regulation of actin cytoskeletal dynamics underlying consolidation of long-term potentiation (LTP) and regulation of AMPA-type glutamate receptor endocytosis underlying long-term depression (LTD) and homeostatic plasticity. Behaviorally, Arc has a key role in consolidation of explicit and implicit forms of memory, with recent work implicating Arc in adaptation to stress as well as maladaptive plasticity connected to drug addiction. Arc holds considerable promise as a “master regulator” of protein synthesis-dependent forms of synaptic plasticity, but the mechanisms that modulate and switch Arc function are only beginning to be elucidated.

Tài liệu tham khảo

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