SKS6, a multicopper oxidase-like gene, participates in cotyledon vascular patterning during Arabidopsis thaliana development

Abe H, Urao T, Ito T, Seki M, Shinozaki K, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K (2003) Arabidopsis AtMYC2 (bHLH) and AtMYB2 (MYB) function as transcriptional activators in abscisic acid signaling. Plant Cell 15:63–78 Aida M, Ishida T, Fukaki H, Fujisawa H, Tasaka M (1997) Genes involved in organ separation in Arabidopsis: an analysis of the cup-shaped cotyledon mutant. Plant Cell 9:841–857 Albani D, Sardana R, Robert LS, Altosaar I, Arnison PG, Fabijanski SF (1992) A Brassica napus gene family which show sequence similarity to ascorbate oxidase is expressed in developing pollen: molecular characterization and analysis of promoter activity in transgenic tobacco plants. Plant J 2:331–342 Alexandre G, Zhulin IB (2000) Laccases are widespread in bacteria. Trends Biotechnol 18:41–42 Aloni R (2001) Foliar and axial aspects of vascular differentiation: hypotheses and evidence. J Plant Growth Reg 20:22–34 Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI (2003) Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis. Planta 216:841–853 Alonso JM, Stepanova AN, Leisse TJ, Kim CJ, Chen H, Shinn P, Stevenson DK, Zimmerman J, Barajas P, Cheuk R, Gadrinab C, Heller C, Jeske A, Koesema E, Meyers CC, Parker H, Prednis L, Ansari Y, Choy N, Deen H, Geralt M, Hazari N, Hom E, Karnes M, Mulholland C, Ndubaku R, Schmidt I, Guzman P, Aguilar-Henonin L, Schmid M, Weigel D, Carter DE, Marchand T, Risseeuw E, Brodgen D, Zeko A, Crosby WL, Berry CC, Ecker JR (2003) Genome-wide insertional mutagenesis of Arabidopsis thaliana. Science 301:653–657 Altschul SF, Gish W, Miller W, Myers EW, Lipman DJ (1990) Basic local alignment search tool. J Mol Biol 215:403–410 Asao H, Yoshida K, Nishi Y, Shinmyo A (2003) Wound-responsive cis-element in the 5′-upstream region of cucumber ascorbate oxidase gene. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 67:271–277 Avigliano L, Finazzi-Agro A (1997) Biological function and enzyme kinetics of ascorbate oxidase. In: Messerschmidt A (ed), Multi-copper oxidases. World Scientific, Singapore, pp 251–284 Bate N, Twell D (1998) Functional architecture of a late pollen promoter: pollen specific transcription is developmentally regulated by multiple stage-specific and co-dependent activator elements. Plant Mol Biol 37:859–869 Binz T, Canevascini G (1996) Differential production of laccases in Dutch elm disease pathogens Ophiostoma ulmi and O. novo-ulmi. Mycol Res 100:1060–1064 Burkle L, Cedzich A, Dopke C, Stransky H, Okumoto S, Gillissen B, Kuhn C, Frommer WB (2003) Transport of cytokinins mediated by purine transporters of the PUP family expressed in phloem, hydathodes, and pollen of Arabidopsis. Plant J 34:13–26 Carland FM, McHale NA (1996) LOP1: a gene involved in auxin transport and vascular patterning in Arabidopsis. Development 122:1811–1819 Carland FM, Fujioka S, Takatsuto S, Yoshida S, Nelson T (2002) The identification of CVP1 reveals a role for sterols in vascular patterning. Plant Cell 14:2045–2058 Chinnusamy V, Ohta M, Kanrar S, Lee B, Hong X, Agarwal M, Zhu J (2003) ICE1: a regulator of cold-induced transcriptome and freezing tolerance in Arabidopsis. Genes Dev 17:1043–1054 Clough SJ, Bent AF (1998) Floral dip: a simplified method for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant J 16:735–743 Davies WJ, Zhang J (1991) Root signals and the regulation of growth and development of plants in drying soil. Ann Rev Plant Mol Biol 42:55–76 Deyholos MK, Cordner G, Beebe D, Sieburth LE (2000) The SCARFACE gene is required for cotyledon and leaf vein patterning. Development 127:3205–3213 Elmayan T, Tepfer M (1995) Evaluation in tobacco of the organ specificity and strength of the rol D promoter, domain A of the 35S promoter and the 35S2 promoter. Transgenic Res 4:388–396 Esau K (1953) Plant Anatomy (1st edn). Chapman and Hall, London Feinberg AP, Vogelstein B (1983) A technique for radiolabeling DNA restriction endonuclease fragments to high specific activity. Anal Biochem 132:6–13 Finkelstein RR, Gampala SSL, Rock CD (2002) Abscisic acid signaling in seeds and seedlings. Plant Cell 14(Suppl):S15–S45 Galweiler L, Guan C, Muller A, Wisman E, Mendgen K, Yephremov A, Palme K (1998) Regulation of polar auxin transport by AtPIN1 in Arabidopsis vascular tissue. Science 282:2226–2230 Guo F-Q, Wang R, Crawford NM (2002) The Arabidopsis dual-affinity nitrate transporter gene AtNRT1.1(CHL1) is regulated by auxin in both shoots and roots. J Exp Bot 53:835–844 Guo F-Q, Young J, Crawford NM (2003) The nitrate transporter AtNRT1.1(CHL1) functions in stomatal opening and contributes to drought susceptibility in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 15:107–117 Haruta M, Murata M, Kadokura H, Homma S (1999) Immunological and molecular comparison of polyphenol oxidase in Rosaceae fruit trees. Phytochem 50:1021–1025 Higgins D, Thompson J, Gibson T, Thompson JD, Higgins DG, Gibson TJ (1994). CLUSTAL W: improving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice. Nucl Acids Res 22:4673–4680 Higo K, Ugawa Y, Iwamoto M, Korenaga T (1999a) Plant cis-acting regulatory DNA elements (PLACE) database. Nucl Acids Res 27:297–300 Higo K, Ugawa Y, Iwamoto M, Korenaga T (1999b) Plant cis-acting regulatory DNA elements (PLACE) database. Nucl Acids Res 27:297–300 Honma MA, Baker BJ, Waddell CS (1993) High frequency germinal transposition of Dsals in Arabidopsis. Proc Natl Acad Sci 90:6242–6246 Honys D, Twell D (2003) Comparative analysis of the Arabidopsis pollen transcriptome. Plant Physiol 132:640–652 Hugouvieux V, Barber C, Daniels M (1998) Entry of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris into hydathodes of Arabidopsis thaliana leaves: a system for studying early infection events in bacterial pathogenesis. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 11:537–543 Jacobs WP (1952) The role of auxin in differentiation of xylem around a wound. Am J Bot 39:301–309 Kerk NM, Feldman LJ (1995) A biochemical model for the initiation and maintenanace of the quiescent center: implications for organization of root meristems. Development 121:2825–2833 Kieber JJ, Rothenberg M, Roman G, Feldmann KA, Ecker JR (1993) CTR1, a negative regulator of the ethylene response pathway in Arabidopsis, encodes a member of the Raf family of protein kinases. Cell 72:427–441 Kiefer-Meyer M-C, Gomord V, O’Connell A, Halpin C, Faye L (1996) Cloning and sequence analysis of laccase-encoding cDNA clones from tobacco. Gene 178:205–207 Kiiskinen LL, Viikari L, Kruus K (2001) Purification and characterisation of a novel lacase from the ascomycete Melanocarpus albomyces. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 59:198–204 Kim C, Lorenz WW, Hoopes JT, Dean JFD (2001) Oxidation of phenolate siderophores by the multicopper oxidase encoded by the Escherichia coli yacK gene. J Bacteriol 183:4866–4875 Kramer EM, Irish VF (1999) Evolution of genetic mechanisms controlling petal development. Nature 399:144–148 Kreps JA, Wu Y, Chang H-S, Zhu T, Wang X, Harper JF (2002) Transcriptome changes for Arabidopsis in response to salt, osmotic, and cold stress. Plant Physiol 130:2129–2141 LaFayette PR, Eriksson KEL, Dean JFD (1999) Characterization and heterologous expression of laccase cDNAa from xylem tissues of yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera). Plant Mol Biol 40:23–35 Li L, Steffens JC (2002) Overexpression of polyphenol oxidase in transgenic tomato plants results in enhanced bacterial disease resistance. Planta 215:239–247 Litvintseva AP, Henson JM (2002) Cloning, characterization and transcription of three laccase genes from Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici, the take-all fungus. Appl Environ Microbiol 68:1305–1311 Ljung K, Bhalerao RP, Sandberg G (2001) Sites and homeostatic control of auxin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis during vegetative growth. Plant J 28:465–474 Machonkin TE, Quintanar L, Palmer AE, Hassett R, Severance S, Kosman DJ, Solomon EI (2001) Spectroscopy and reactivity of the Type 1 copper site in Fet3p from Saccharomyces cerevisiae: correlation of structure with reactivity in the multicopper oxidases. J Am Chem Soc 123:5507–5517 Martin I, Lohse G, Hedrich R (1991) Plant growth hormones control voltage-dependent activity of anion channels in plasma membrane of guard cells. Nature 353:758–762 Mattsson J, Sung Z, Berleth T (1999) Responses of plant vascular systems to auxin transport inhibition. Development 126:2979–2991 Mayer AM, Staples RC (2002) Laccase: new function for an old enzyme. Phytochem 60:551–565 McAinsh MR, Brownlee C, Hetherington AM (1990) Visualizing changes in cytosolic free Ca++ during the response of stomatal guard cells to abscisic acid. Plant Cell 4:1113–1122 McBride KE, Summerfelt KR (1990) Improved binary vectors for Agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation. Plant Mol Biol 14:269–276 Menges M, Hennig L, Gruissem W, Murray JAH (2002) Cell cycle-regulated gene expression in Arabidopsis. J Biol Chem 277:41987–42002 Messerschmidt A (1997) Multi-copper oxidases. World Scientfic, Singapore Neff M, Neff JD, Chory J, Pepper AE (1998) dCAPS, a simple technique for the genetic analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms: experimental applications in Arabidopsis thaliana genetics. Plant J 14:387–392 Passarinho PA, Hengel AJV, Fransz PF, Vries SCD (2001) Expression pattern of the Arabidopsis thaliana AtEP3/AtchitIV endochitinase gene. Planta 212:556–567 Pignocchi C, Fletcher JM, Wilkinson JE, Barnes J, Foyer C (2003) The function of ascorbate oxidase in tobacco. Plant Physiol 132:1631–1641 Pilot G, Gaymard F, Mouline K, Cherel I, Sentenac H (2003) Regulated expression of Arabidopsis Shaker K+ channel genes involved in K+ uptake and distribution in the plant. Plant Mol Biol 51:773–787 Plesch G, Ehrhardt T, Mueller-Roeber B (2001) Involvement of TAAAG elements suggests a role for Dof transcription factors in guard cell-specific gene expression. Plant J 28:455–464 Protchenko O, Ferea T, Rashford J, Tiedeman J, Brown PO, Botstein D, Philpott CC (2001) Three cell wall mannoproteins facilitate the uptake of iron in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem 276:49244–49250 Ranocha P, Chabannes M, Chamayou S, Danoun S, Jauneau A, Boudet A-M, Goffner D (2002) Laccase down-regulation causes alterations in phenolic metabolism and cell wall structure in oplar. Plant Physiol 129:145–155 Rogers SG, Klee HJ, Horsch RB, Fraley RT (1987) Improved vectors for plant transformation: expression cassette vectors and new selectable markers. Meth Enzymol 153:253–277 Romberger JA, Hejnowicz Z, Hill JF (1993) Plant structure: function and development. Springer-Verlag, New York, Berlin, Heidelberg Samac D, Hironaka C, Yallaly P, Shah D (1990) Isolation and characterization of the genes encoding basic and acidic chitinase in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Physiol 93:907–914 Sambrook J, Fritsch EF, Maniatis T (1989) Molecular cloning—A laboratory manual (2nd edn). Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York Sedbrook JC, Carroll KL, Hung KF, Masson PH, Somerville CR (2002) The Arabidopsis SKU5 gene encodes an extracellular glycosyl phosphatidylinositol-anchored glycoprotein involved in directional root growth. Plant Cell 14:1635–1648 Sessions A, Weigel D, Yanofsky MF (1999) The Arabidopsis thaliana MERISTEM LAYER 1 promoter specifies epidermal expression in meristems and young primordia. Plant J 20:259–263 Shibagaki N, Rose A, McDermott JP, Fujiwara T, Hayashi H, Yoneyama T, Davies JP (2002) Selenate-resistant mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana identify Sultr1;2, a sulfate transporter required for efficient transport of sulfate into roots. Plant J 29:475–486 Solano F, Lucas-Elio P, Lopez-Serrano D, Fernandez E, Sanchez-Amat A (2001) Dimethoxyphenol oxidase activity of different microbial blue multicopper proteins. FEMS Microbiol Lett 204:175–181 Tucker GA, Zhang JL (1996) Expression of polygalacturonase and pectinesterase in normal and transgenic tomatoes. In: Visser J, Voragen AGJ (eds) Pectins and pectinases 1. Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, pp 347–354 Weterings K, Wim RJ, Vanaarssen R, Kortstee A, Spijkers J, Vanherpen M, Schrauwen J, Wullems G (1992) Characterization of a pollen-specific cDNA clone from Nicotiana tabacum expressed during microgametogenesis and germination. Plant Mol Biol 18:1101–1111 Willemsen V, Friml J, Grebe M, Torn AVD, Palme K, Sheres B (2003) Cell polarity and PIN protein positioning in Arabidopsis require STEROL METHYLTRANSFERASE1 function. Plant Cell 15:612–625 Xu F, Shin W, Brown SH, Wahleithner JA, Sundaram UM, Solomon EI (1996) A study of a series of recombinant fungal laccases and bilirubin oxidase that exhibit significant differences in redox potential, substrate specificity, and stability. Biochim Biophys Acta 1292:303–311 Xu N, Hagen G, Guilfoyle T (1997) Multiple auxin response modules in the soybean SAUR 15A. Plant Sci 136:193–201 Yoshida H (1883) Chemistry of lacquer (urushi). J Chem Soc 43:472–486