Advances in autism neuroimaging research for the clinician and geneticist

American Journal of Medical Genetics, Part C: Seminars in Medical Genetics - Tập 142C Số 1 - Trang 33-39 - 2006
Janet E. Lainhart1,2
1Dr. Lainhart is a pediatrician, child and adult psychiatrist, and associate professor. She is one of the principal investigators of the Utah Autism Research Program, the NICHD/NICDC Collaborative Program of Excellence in Autism at the University of Utah. Her research interest is the interface between neuroimaging, development, and the clinical manifestations of autism.
2Utah Autism Research Program, 421 Wakara Way, Suite 143, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84108.

Tóm tắt

AbstractThis review focuses on recent advances in the in vivo study of the whole brain in idiopathic autism. The brain is abnormally large in some but not all children with autism during post‐natal development. Age‐related changes in brain volume in autism are complex and appear to be abnormal from infancy into adulthood. Diffuse differences in total and regional gray and white matter volumes are found. The volumetric abnormalities appear to follow anomalous, complex, and non‐uniform developmental curves. Diffuse abnormalities of brain chemical concentrations, neural network anatomy, brain lateralization, intra‐ and inter‐hemispheric morphologic and functional connectivity, and serotonin synthesis capacity are also found. Abnormalities of head growth are first apparent during infancy. Abnormalities of total brain volume, gray and white matter volumes, brain chemistry, serotonin synthesis, and brain electrophysiology are evident by early childhood. Currently, no method of brain imaging helps with diagnosis or treatment of idiopathic autism, but ongoing research aims to unravel the heterogeneity of autism and may provide future diagnostic tools that inform treatment. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

10.1097/00001756-199906030-00005

10.1097/00004583-200403000-00018

10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.t01-1-00303.x

10.1212/WNL.59.2.175

10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04061.x

10.1016/j.biopsych.2003.10.022

10.1136/jnnp.2003.018713

Bigler ED, 2003, Temporal lobe, autism, and macrocephaly, AJNR Am J Neuroradiol, 24, 2066

10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.06.016

10.1016/S0140-6736(01)05903-7

10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.11.005

10.1006/nimg.2002.1099

10.1212/WNL.58.3.428

10.1093/brain/awf189

Center for Disease Control.2000.CDC Growth Charts: United States. National Center for Health Statistics.

10.1073/pnas.0835631100

10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2004.08.002

10.1212/WNL.57.2.245

10.1001/jama.290.3.337

10.1038/nn1421

10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2004.08.005

10.1023/A:1023036509476

10.1212/WNL.60.1.100

10.1093/brain/awh034

10.1038/nn1291

10.1111/j.1469-8749.2002.tb00814.x

10.1146/annurev.psych.56.091103.070208

10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2004.06.015

10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70271-5

10.1111/1469-7610.t01-1-00102

10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.03.025

10.1016/j.pscychresns.2004.06.001

Hazlett HC, 2005, Cortical Gray and White Brain Tissue Volume in Adolescents and Adults with Autism, Biol Psychiatry

10.1093/brain/awg110

10.1002/ana.20032

10.1097/00001648-200207000-00009

10.1093/brain/awh199

Karlberg P, 1988, A revision of growth charts of infants is justified. The growth pattern, not weight or length, should be the basis, Läkartidningen, 85, 3452

10.1016/j.clinph.2005.03.007

10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.09.028

10.1111/j.1469-8749.2004.tb00996.x

10.1001/jama.290.3.393

10.1097/00004583-199702000-00019

Lainhart JE, 2005, Recent developments in autism research

10.1002/hbm.10102

10.1093/cercor/13.7.728

10.1016/S0006-3223(03)00688-7

10.1001/archpsyc.61.3.291

10.1093/brain/awf150

McAlonan GM, 2005, Mapping the brain in autism. A voxel‐based MRI study of volumetric differences and intercorrelations in autism, Brain, 128, 268, 10.1093/brain/awh332

10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00318.x

10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1847

10.1017/S0033291704003496

10.1146/annurev.psych.56.091103.070225

10.1093/brain/awh289

10.1097/00004583-200404000-00014

10.1542/peds.79.5.706

10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2004.12.012

10.1212/WNL.59.2.184

10.1016/S0140-6736(05)62956-X

10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2004.10.021

10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.09.014

10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.02.029

10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.08.049

10.1097/00004583-200404000-00015

10.1038/nn1276

Williams JH, 2005, Neural mechanisms of imitation and ‘mirror neuron’ functioning in autistic spectrum disorder, Neuropsychologia

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

American Journal of Medical Genetics, Part C: Seminars in Medical Genetics

Tập 142C Số 1

33-39

Thông tin tác giả