Effect of high light on the efficiency of photochemical energy conversion in a variety of lichen species with green and blue-green phycobionts
Tóm tắt
Exposure to high light induced a quantitatively similar decrease in the rate of photosynthesis at limiting photon flux density (PFD) and of photosystem II (PSII) photochemical efficiency, FV/FM, in both green and blue-green algal lichens which were fully hydrated. Such depressions in the efficiency of photochemical energy conversion were generally reversible in green algal lichens but rather sustained in blue-green algal lichens. This greater susceptibility of blue-green algal lichens to sustained photoinhibition was not related to differences in the capacity to utilize light in photosynthesis, since the light-and CO2-saturated rates of photosynthetic O2 evolution were similar in the two groups. These reductions of PSII photochemical efficiency were, however, largely prevented in lichen thalli which were fully desiccated prior to exposure to high PFD. Thalli of green algal lichens which were allowed to desiccate during the exposure to high light exhibited similar recovery kinetics to those which were kept fully hydrated, whereas bluegreen algal lichens which became desiccated during a similar exposure exhibited greatly accelerated recovery compared to those which were kept fully hydrated. Thus, green algal lichens were able to recover from exposure to excessive PFDs when thalli were in either the hydrated or desiccated state during such an exposure, whereas in blue-green algal lichens the decrease in photochemical efficiency was reversible in thalli illuminated in the desiccated state but rather sustained subsequent to illumination of thalli in the hydrated state.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Adams, W.W. III., Díaz, M., Winter, K. (1989) Diurnal changes in photochemical efficiency, the reduction state of Q, radiationless energy dissipation, and nonphotochemical fluorescence quenching from cacti exposed to natural sunlight in northern Venezuela. Oecologia 80, 553–561
Bilger, W., Rimke, S., Schreiber, U., Lange, O.L. (1989) Inhibition of energy-transfer to photosystem II in lichens by dehydration: different properties of reversibility with green and blue-green phycobionts. J. Plant Physiol. 134, 261–268
Björkman, O. (1987) Low temperature chlorophyll fluorescence in leaves and its relationship to photon yield of photosynthesis in photoinhibition. In: Topics in photosynthesis, vol. 9: Photoinhibition, pp. 123–144, Kyle, D.J., Osmond, C.B., Arntzen, C.J., eds. Elsevier, Amsterdam
Björkman, O., Demmig, B. (1987) Photon yield of O2 evolution and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics at 77K among vascular plants of diverse origins. Planta 170, 489–504
Björkman, O., Demmig, B., Andrews, T.J. (1988) Mangrove photosynthesis: Response to high-irradiance stress. Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 15, 43–61
Coxson, D. (1987a) Photoinhibition of net photosynthesis in Stereocaulon virgatum and S. tomentosum, a tropical-temperate comparison. Can. J. Bot. 65, 1707–1715
Coxson, D.S. (1987b) The temperature dependence of photoinhibition in the tropical basidiomycete lichen Cora pavonia E. Fries. Oecologia 73, 447–453
Demmig, B., Björkman, O. (1987) Comparison of the effect of excessive light on chlorophyll fluorescence (77K) and photon yield of O2 evolution in leaves of higher plants. Planta 171, 171–184
Demmig, B., Winter, K., Krüger, A., Czygan, F.-C. (1987) Photoinhibition and zeaxanthin formation in intact leaves. A possible role of the xanthophyll cycle in the dissipation of excess light energy. Plant Physiol. 84, 218–224
Demmig, B., Winter, K., Krüger, A. Czygan, F.-C. (1988) Zeaxanthin and the heat dissipation of excess light energy in Nerium oleander exposed to a combination of high light and water stress. Plant Physiol. 87, 17–24
Demmig-Adams, B., Adams, W.W. III., Winter, K., Meyer, A., Schreiber, U., Pereira, J.S., Krüger, A., Czygan, F.-C., Lange, O.L. (1989a) Photochemical efficiency of photosystem II, photon yield of O2 evolution, photosynthetic capacity, and carotenoid composition during the “midday depression” of net CO2 uptake in Arbutus unedo growing in Portugal. Planta 177, 377–387
Demmig-Adams, B., Winter, K., Krüger, A., Czygan, F.-C. (1989b) Light response of CO2 assimilation, dissipation of excess excitation energy, and zeaxanthin content of sun and shade leaves. Plant Physiol. 90, 881–886
Demmig-Adams, B., Adams, W.W. III., Czygan, F.-C., Krüger, A., Schreiber, U., Lange, O.L. (1990) Differences in the capacity for radiationless energy dissipation in the photochemical apparatus of green and blue-green algal lichens associated with differences in carotenoid composition. Planta (in press)
Greer, D., Berry, J.A., Björkman, O. (1986) Photoinhibition of photosynthesis in intact bean leaves: role of light and temperature and requirement for chloroplast-protein synthesis during recovery. Planta 168, 253–260
Hager, A. (1980) The reversible, light-induced conversions of xanthophylls in the chloroplast. In: Pigments in plants, pp. 57–79, Czygan, F.-C., ed. Fischer, Stuttgart
Hager, A., Stransky, H. (1970) Das Carotinoidmuster und die Verbreitung des lichtinduzierten Xanthophyllcyclus in verschiedenen Algenklassen. III. Grünalgen. Arch. Mikrobiol. 72, 68–83
Kappen, L., Lange, O.L. (1972) Die Kälteresistenz einiger Makrolichenen. Flora 161, 1–29
Kitajima, M., Butler, W.L. (1975) Quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence and primary photochemistry in chloroplasts by dibromothymoquinone. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 376, 105–115
Lange, O.L., Redon, J. (1983) Epiphytische Flechten im Bereich einer chilenischen “Nebeloase” (Fray Jorge). II. Ökophysiologische Charakterisierung von CO2-Gaswechsel und Wasserhaushalt. Flora 174, 245–284
Lange, O.L., Schulze, E.-D., Koch, W. (1970) Experimentellökologische Untersuchungen an Flechten der Negev-Wüste. II. CO2-Gaswechsel und Wasserhaushalt von Ramalina maciformis (Del.) Bory am natürlichen Standort während der sommerlichen Trockenperiode. Flora 159, 38–62
Neale, P.J. (1987) Algal photoinhibition and photosynthesis in the aquatic environment. In: Topics in photosynthesis, vol 9: Photoinhibition, pp. 39–65. Kyle, D.J., Osmond, C.B., Arntzen, C.J., eds. Elsevier, Amsterdam
Ohad, I., Kyle, D.J., Arntzen, C.J. (1984) Membrane protein damage and repair: removal and replacement of inactivated 32-kilodalton polypeptides in chloroplast membranes. J. Cell. Biol. 99, 481–485
Öquist, G., Fork, D.C. (1982) Effects of desiccation on the excitation energy distribution from phycoerythrin to the two photosystems in the red alga Porphyra perforata. Physiol. Plant. 56, 56–62
Powles, S.B. (1984) Photoinhibition of photosynthesis induced by visible light. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 35, 15–44
Rundel, P.W. (1988) Water relations. In: CRC Handbook of lichenology, vol. II, pp. 17–36, Galun, M., ed. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fla., USA
Samuelsson, G., Lönneborg, A., Rosenqvist, E., Gustavsson, P., Öquist, G. (1985) Photoinhibition and reactivation of photosynthesis in the cyanobacterium Anacystis nidulans. Plant Physiol. 79, 992–995
Schreiber, U., Schliwa, U., Bilger, W. (1986) Continuous recording of photochemical and non-photochemical chlorophyll fluorescence with a new type of modulation fluorometer. Photosynth. Res. 10, 51–62
Siefermann-Harms, D. (1977) The xanthophyll cycle in higher plants. In: Lipids and lipid polymers in higher plants, pp. 218–230, Tevini, M., Lichtenthaler, H.K., eds. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
Sigfridsson, B. (1980) Some effects of humidity on the light reactions of photosynthesis in the lichens Cladonia impexa and Collema flacddium. Physiol. Plant. 49, 320–326
Stransky, H., Hager, A. (1970) Das Carotinoidmuster und die Verbreitung des lichtinduzierten Xanthophyllcyclus in verschiedenen Algenklassen. IV. Cyanophyceae und Rhodophyceae. Arch. Mikrobiol. 72, 84–96
Yamamoto, H.Y. (1979) Biochemistry of the violaxanthin cycle in higher plants. Pure Appl. Chem. 51, 639–648