Normal fatty acids in sediments
Tóm tắt
Normal fatty acids have been found by several investigators in a number of sediments ranging in age from Precambrian to Recent. This paper summarizes these occurrences. A variety of molec-ular distributions have been observed. In most sediments, even-carbon-numbered normal fatty acids are much more abundant than those with odd carbon numbers ; in some sediments, however, concentrations of even- and odd-carbon-numbered normal fatty acids are about equal. Normal fatty acids have been postulated as pos-sible precursors for normal paraffin hydrocarbons in petroleum because of 1) structural similarities between the two kinds of molecules, 2) ubiquity of fatty acids in biological materials, 3) fatty acid-normal paraffin relationships in sediments, and 4) distribution of normal paraffins in some crude oils. Evidence suggests that normal fatty acids may be precursors for many normal paraffins of intermediate and high molecular weights found in petroleum. Detailed mechanisms of chemical reactions by which normal paraffins can be de-rived from fatty acids in sediments under geo-logically reasonable conditions have yet to be defined.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Parker, P. L., and R. P. Leo, Science148, 373–374 (1965).
Williams, P. M., Nature189, 219–220 (1961).
Slower, J. F., L. M. Jeffery and D. W. Hood, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta26, 607–616 (1962).
Hancock, K., and H. L. Lochte, J. Am. Chem. Soc.61, 2448- 2452 (1939).
Quebedeaux, W. A., G. Wash, W. 0. Ney. W. W. Crouch and H. L. Lochte, J. Am. Chem. Soc.65, 767–770 (1943).
Cason, J., and D. W. Graham, Tetrahedron21, 471–483 (1965).
Ackman, R. G., and J. C. Sipos, Comp. Biochem. Physioi.15, 445–456 (1965).
Ralston, A. W.. “Fatty Acids and Their Derivatives,” John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York. 1948.
Markley, K. S., “Fatty Acids,” Interscience Publishers, Inc., New York, 1947.
Hilditch, T. P., and P. N. Williams, “The Chemical Constitution of Natural Fats.” 4th ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1964.
Robinson. T., “The Organic Constituents of Higher Plants,” Burgess Publishing Company, Minneapolis, Minn., 1963.
Trask, P. D., and C. C. Wu, Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geologist Bull.14. 1451–1463 (1930).
Abelson, P. H., and P. L. Parker, Carnegie Inst. of Washington,61, 181–184 (1962).
Abelson, P. H., T. C. Hoering and P. L. Parker, “Advances in Organic Geochemistry,” ed. U. Colombo and G. D. Hobson, The Mac- milian Co., New York, 169–174 (1964).
Cooper, J. E., Nature193, 744–746 (1962).
Kvenvolden, K. A., Abs. Annual Meeting, Geological Soc. of America, Nov. 1965, p. 91.
Kvenvolden. K. A., Nature209, 573–577 (1966).
Nagy, B., and M. C. Bitz, Arch. Biochem. Biophys.101, 24 0–248 (1963).
Lawlor D. L., and W. E. Robinson, Preprint, Detroit Meeting, Am. Chem. Soc. 5–9 (1965).
Hoering. T. C. and P. H. Abelson, Carnegie Institution of Washington64, 208–223 (1965).
Meinschein, W. G., and G. S. Kenny, Anal. Chem.29, 1153- 1161 (1957).
Cooper J. E., and E. E. Bray, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta27, 1113–1127 (1963).
Hoering, T. C, and P. H. Abelson, Carnegie Inst. Wash.63, 262–264 (1964).
Hewett, D. R., P. J. Kipping and P. G. Jeffery, Nature192, 65 (1961).
Wollrab V., M. Streibl and F. Sorm, Chem. and Ind. (London) 1762 (1962).
Williams, M., and G. H. Richter, J. Am. Chem. Soc.57, 1686- 1688 (1935).
Tanaka, Y., and T. Kuwata, J. Fac. Eng. Tokyo Imp. Univ.17, 293–303 (1928).
Graham, D. W., PhD Dissertation University of California, Berkeley; University Microfilms 65-8174, Ann Arbor, Mich., 1965.
Bear, I. J., and Z. H. Kranz. Aust. J. Chem.18, 915–917 (1965).
Engler. C, and H. Hoefer, Ber. Deutsch. Chem. Ges.21, 1816–1827 (1888).
Trask. P. D.. “The Science of Petroleum,” Oxford University Press,1, 42–45 (1938).
Brooks B T., “The Science of Petroleum,” Oxford University Press, Vol.1, 46–53 (1938).
Hanson. W. E., “Researches in Geochemistry,” John Wiley & Sons, Inc., p. 104–117 (1959).
Breger, I. A., Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta19, 297–308 (1960).
Gerarde, H. W., and D. F. Gerarde, Assoc. Food Drug Officials U. S. Quart.25 and26, 1–47 (1961) (1962).
Bray, E. E., and E. D. Evans, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta22, 2–15 (1961).
Bray, E. E., and E. D. Evans, Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geologists Bull.49, 248–257 (1965).
Abelson, P. H., in “Researches in Geochemistry,” John Wiley and Sons, Inc., p. 79–103 (1959).
Bergmann, W., “Geochemistry of Lipids,” Organic Geochemistry, Macmillan Co., 503–542 (1963).
Blumer, M., Science149, 722–726 (1965).
Martin, R. L., J. C. Winters and J. A. Williams, Nature199, 110–114 (1963).
Mair, B. J., Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta28, 1303–1321 (1964).
Tan der Linden, A. C, and G. J. E. Thijsse, Advan. Enzymol.27, 469–546 (1965).
Abelson, P. H., Proc. Sixth World Petroleum Congress, Sect.1, 397–407 (1963).
Hoering, T. C, and P. H. Abelson, Carnegie Institution of Washington62, 229–234 (1963).
Hoering, T. C, and P. H. Abelson, Carnegie Inst. Wash.63, 256–258 (1964).
Bendoraitis, J. G., B. L. Brown and L, S. Hepner, Anal. Chem.34, 49–53 (1962).
Dean, R. A., and E. V. Whitehead. Tetrahedron Letters21, 768–770 (1961).
Cummins, J. J., and W. E. Robinson, J. Chem. Engr. Data9, 304–307 (1964).
Meinschein, W. G., E. S. Barghoorn and J. W. Schopf, Science14S, 262–263 (1964).
Oro, J., D. W. Nooner, A. Zlatkis, S. A. Wikstrom and E. S. Barghoorn, Science148, 77–79 (1965).
Belsky, T., R. B. Johns, E. D. McCarthy, A. L. Burlingame, W. Richter and M. Calvin, Nature206, 446–447 (1965).
Jurg, J. W., and E. Eisma, Science144, 1451–1452 (1964).
Leo, R. F., and P. L. Parker, Science152, 649–650 (1966).
Eglinton, G., A. G. Douglas, J. R. Maxwell, J. N. Ramsey, S. Stallberg-Stenhagen. Science153, 1133–1135 (1966).
Jure:, J. W., and E. Eisma, 3rd Int. Meeting Org. Geochem. London (1966).