Electrochemical pretreatment of electrochromic WO3 films gives greatly improved cycling durability

Granqvist, 1995 2015 Granqvist, 2014, Electrochromics for smart windows: oxide-based thin films and devices, Thin Solid Films, 564, 1, 10.1016/j.tsf.2014.02.002 Niklasson, 2017, Durability of electrochromic films: aging kinetics and rejuvenation, ECS Trans., 77, 1659, 10.1149/07711.1659ecst Arvizu, 2017, Electrochromic W1−x−yTixMoyO3 thin films made by sputter deposition: large optical modulation, good cycling durability, and approximate color neutrality, Chem. Mater., 29, 2246, 10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b05198 Wen, 2016, Electrochromic iridium-containing nickel oxide films with excellent electrochemical cycling performance, J. Electrochem. Soc., 163, E7, 10.1149/2.0591602jes Wen, 2015, Eliminating degradation and uncovering ion-trapping dynamics in electrochromic WO3 thin films, Nat. Mater., 14, 996, 10.1038/nmat4368 Baloukas, 2017, Galvanostatic rejuvenation of electrochromic WO3 thin films: ion trapping and detrapping observed by optical measurements and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 9, 16995, 10.1021/acsami.7b01260 Qu, 2017, Electrochemical rejuvenation of anodically coloring electrochromic nickel oxide thin films, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 9, 42420, 10.1021/acsami.7b13815 Deb, 1973, Optical and photoelectric properties and colour centres in thin films of tungsten oxide, Philos. Mag., 27, 801, 10.1080/14786437308227562 Smith, 2010 Pittaluga, 2015, Electrochromic glazing and walls for reducing building cooling needs, 473 Buildings and Climate Change: Summary for Decision-Makers, United Nations Environmental Programme, Sustainable Buildings & Climate Initiative, Paris, France, 2009. 2013