9. Improving nitrogen fertilization in mechanized rice culture

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 9 - Trang 161-170 - 1986
DM Brandon1, BR Wells2
1Dep. of Agronomy, Univ. of Arkansas, Fayetteville, USA
2Rice Research Station, Louisiana Agric. Exp. Stn., Louisiana State Univ. Agric. Center, Crowley, USA

Tóm tắt

Rice is produced in highly mechanized and energy intensive water-seeded and dry-seeded systems in the United States. Nitrogen fertilization management relative to N source and time of application differs in the two systems because of the timing of soil submergence which influences N retention in the soil. Nitrogen management studies show that N fertilizer efficiency is maximized in water-seeded rice when ammonical N is placed 5 to 10 cm in the soil immediately before flooding. Nitrogen applied on a dry soil surface immediately before flooding dry-seeded rice results in N movement into the soil and retention for plant utilization. Nitrogen application preplant or into water after flooding results in N losses in dry-seeded rice. Split N application gives acceptable N efficiency when 65 to 75% of the total N fertilizer requirement is applied preflood followed by a midseason N topdressing. Sulfur-coated urea and nitrapyrin soil incorporated with urea reduce N loss in dry-seeded rice. Total N requirements of rice in the cultural systems is dependent on cultivar, soil N fertility and other factors. Plant analysis research establishes critical N concentrations in semidwarf and tall rice cultivars in the water-seeded system.

Tài liệu tham khảo

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Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Tập 9

161-170

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