'Nếu tôi có một quỹ phòng hộ, tôi sẽ chữa bệnh tiểu đường': cơ chế nội sinh để tạo ra hàng hóa công cộng

SN Business & Economics - Tập 1 - Trang 1-18 - 2021
John Liechty1, Stefan Wuyts1
1Department of Marketing, Smeal College of Business, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA

Tóm tắt

Chúng tôi xem xét vấn đề tổ chức vốn để sản xuất hàng hóa công cộng có giá trị xã hội rộng lớn. Chúng tôi đánh giá lý do tại sao các biện pháp điều chỉnh thị trường thông qua trợ cấp của chính phủ hoặc các sáng kiến từ thiện là không đủ, bên cạnh việc xem xét nghịch lý của sáng chế. Cơ chế mà chúng tôi đề xuất (Giải thưởng Không ngừng Tăng trưởng và Kho lưu trữ Bằng sáng chế) hướng vốn đến hai vấn đề đổi mới thường bị bỏ qua: (1) những vấn đề mà phần thưởng không đủ lớn ngay cả với các cơ chế đã được thiết lập (ví dụ: bằng sáng chế hoặc uy tín học thuật), và (2) những vấn đề mà phần thưởng lớn, nhưng rủi ro cố gắng là không thể tính toán. Cơ chế quỹ phòng hộ đề xuất thúc đẩy việc crowdsourcing, giải quyết thách thức xác định các vấn đề có lợi ích xã hội rộng lớn; giải thưởng không ngừng tăng trưởng cho phép phần thưởng nảy sinh hơn là đã được xác định trước; kho lưu trữ bằng sáng chế biến tài sản trí tuệ tư nhân thành hàng hóa công cộng cho các vấn đề mục tiêu trong khi vượt qua mối đe dọa từ việc hết hạn bằng sáng chế của các nhà phát minh. Chúng tôi dẫn dắt thảo luận này bằng cách xem xét hai vấn đề: điều trị Bệnh xơ nang và chữa bệnh Tiểu đường.

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