Tạp chí Nghiên cứu Chính sách và Quản lý

It is known that Vietnam has started an aging period that accompanied with the challenge of labor shortage for economic development. The way of fertility change in the modern society is that the more the socio-economic development the lower the level of fertility. The practice of fertility change in developed countries indicates that it has been very difficult to enhance the level of fertility once it was rather lower than the replacement one. The potential of  increasing for an economy would depend much on the percentage of increasing labor force. Under the market economy, the labor force is floating from areas to areas by the way of demand-supply. People are moving from regions with excess of labors to regions with shortage of labor. For the whole country, the labor force would move from 33 provinces/cities of the higher fertility to those 21 provinces/cities of the lower fertility, therefore keeping the fertility at replacement level for the whole country. It is not rational to set up a target of decreasing fertility by 10% for 33 provinces/cities of the higher fertility because it would not keep the general fertility at replacement level in the period from now up to 2030.

More people are using social media to share information nowadays. As a result, the information on social media applications can quickly spread to a large number of individuals. Therefore, social media has become a communication channel that assists employers and businesses in finding and attracting young talent. Vice versa, it also helps people looking for jobs with career orientation. This article will focus on analyzing the main contents of career orientations on TikTok, one of the most popular social media apps today, for students. Alongside the positive aspects of information dissemination, there is still a prevalence of subjective and misleading information regarding careers and job choices on current social media apps. The article will identify the general viewpoints of students on career orientation on TikTok, point out the differences in views among students between three majors, and propose solutions to help them receive selective and accurate career orientation information on social media apps like TikTok. This is a research topic that addresses practical needs as an increasing number of young people today choose social media apps as a place for sharing, learning, and career orientation in the future.

Chính sách phát triển vùng không chỉ là nền tảng đảm bảo cho sự phát triển vùng, liên vùng mà còn tạo nguồn năng lượng mới để tăng trưởng quốc gia. Quyết định 79/2005/QĐ của Thủ tướng chính phủ đã tạo chuyển biến đáng kể tại vùng Tây Bắc- nơi có vị trí chiến lược quan trọng, cũng là nơi tập trung nhiều địa phương nghèo và khó khăn nhất cả nước. Từ tiếp cận định lượng và định tính trong đánh giá chính sách, bài viết phân tích các phương pháp được sử dụng để đánh giá chính sách hiện nay cũng như nêu ra những ưu điểm và hạn chế của các phương pháp này khi vận dụng vào đánh giá QĐ79 của Thủ tướng Chính phủ về phát triển….. Phương pháp định tính (gồm: phỏng vấn sâu và thảo luận nhóm) đưa ra những đánh giá qua việc so sánh từ hai phía là quản lý và đối tượng thụ hưởng chính sách, có thể đem đến cái nhìn tổng quan về chính sách. Phương pháp định lượng (gồm: đánh giá sau và đánh giá output-outcome-impact) kiểm định việc thực hiện mục tiêu đề ra qua so sánh mục tiêu với kết quả đạt được và đưa ra những yếu tố để đánh giá. Trong quá trình thực thi chính sách đã tồn tại những rào cản và khó khăn, nên cần có định hướng áp dụng phương pháp đánh giá, đồng thời hoàn thiện bộ công cụ với các tiêu chí cụ thể để đánh giá, đề xuất giải pháp và mô hình thực hiện chính sách.Từ khóa: Quyết định 79/2005/QĐ-TTg, chính sách vùng, đánh giá chính sách, phương pháp định tính, phương pháp định lượng.

Today's universities are transforming into the entrepreneurial university model. Along with that is a strong innovation in governance towards autonomy and associated with entrepreneurship, innovation and creativity. The article presents research results on the model of the entrepreneurial university and the advanced university governance in terms of structure and management methods to adapt to this model in the world. Through the review of studies on the current situation, the article contributes a number of policy proposals to meet the requirements of university governance innovation for Vietnamese public universities in the context of transition to a model of entrepreneurial university.  Keywords University, Entrepreneurial university, University governance, Vietnam public universities. References [1] D.V. Toan, 2020, Factors Affecting Third Mission Implementation and The Challenges for Vietnam’s Universities in The Transitioning Period. VNU Journal of Science: Economics and Business, 37(3) (2020) 75-84 (in Vietnamese), https://doi.org/10.25073/2588-1108/vnueab.4355.[2] A. Bramwell, D.A. Wolfe, Universities and regional economic development: the entrepreneurial University of Waterloo, Res. Policy 37(8) (2008) 1175-1187.[3] K. Yokoyama, Entrepreneurialism in Japanese and UK Universities: Governance, Management, Leadership and Funding, High Education 52 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-005-1168-2.[4] C. Shore, L. McLauchlan, Third mission’ activities, commercialisation and academic entrepreneurs, Social Anthropology/Anthropologie Sociale, 20 (3) (2012) 267-286. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8676.2012.00207.x.[5] H. Etzkowitz The norms of entrepreneurial science: cognitive effects of the new university - industry linkages, Research Policy, 27(8) (1998) 823-833.[6] H. Etzkowitz, L. Leydesdorff, The Dynamics of Innovation: From National Systems and ‘Mode 2’ to a Triple Helix of University - Industry - Government Relations, Research Policy, 29(2) (2000) 109-123.[7] L.B. Costa, A.L. Torkomian, Um Estudo Exploratório sobre um Novo Tipo de Empreendimento: os Spin-ffs Acadêmicos, Rev. Adm. Contemp. 12(2) (2008) 395-427.[8] J.J. Degroof, E.B. Roberts, Overcoming weak entrepreneurial infrastructures for academic spin-off ventures, J. Technol. Transf. 29(3–4) (2004) 327-352.[9] A. Vohora, M. Wright, A. Lockett, Critical junctures in the development of uni-versity high-tech spinout companies, Res. Policy 33(1) (2004) 147-175.[10] V. Revest, A. Sapio, Financing technology-based small firms in Europe: what do we know?, Small Bus. Econ. 39(1) (2010) 179-205.[11] E. Rasmussen, O.J. Borch, University capabilities in facilitating entrepreneurship: a longitudinal study of spin-off ventures at mid-range universities, Res. Policy 39(5) (2010) 602-612.[12] L. Aaboen, Explaining incubators using firm analogy, Technovation 29(10) (2009) 657-670.[13] M. Abreu, V. Grinevich, The nature of academic entrepreneurship in the UK: widening the focus on entrepreneurial activities, Res. Policy 42(2) (2013) 408-422.[14] E. Rasmussen, S. Mosey, M. Wright, The influence of university departments on the evolution of entrepreneurial competencies in spin-off ventures. Res. Policy 43(1) (2014) 92-106.[15] H. Etzkowitz, The Triple Helix: University-Industry-Government Innovation in Action, Taylor and Francis, London, 2008. [16] D.B. Audretsch, From the entrepreneurial university to the university for the en-trepreneurial society, J. Technol. Transfer. 39(3) (2014) 313–321.[17] B.R. Clark, Creating Entrepreneurial Universities: Organizational Pathways of Transformation, Issues in Higher Education, Elsevier, Oxford: IAU Press and Pergamon, New York 1998. [18] B. Sporn, Building Adaptive Universities: Emerging Organisational Forms Based on Experiences of European and US Universities, Education and Management, 7:2 (2001) 121-134. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011346201972.[19] H. Etzkowitz, Research group as ‘quasi-firm’? The invention of the entrepreneurial university. Res. Policy 32 (1) (2003) 109-121.[20] M. Guerrero, D. Kirby and D. Urbano, A Literature Review on Entrepreneurial Universities: An Institutional Approach, Working paper presented at the 3rd Conference of Pre-communications to Congresses, Autonomous University of Barcelona, June 2006.[21] F.T. Rothaermel, S.D. Agung and L. Jiang, University entrepreneurship: a taxonomy of the literature, Industrial and Corporate Change, 16(4) (2007) 691-791. https://doi.org/10.1093/icc/dtm023.[22] A. A. Gibb, G. Haskins & Robertson, Leading the entrepreneurial university, National Council for Graduate Entrepreneurship (NCGE). http://www.ncge.org.uk (accessed 10 November 2020). [23] M. Guerrero, D. Urbano, The development of an entrepreneurial university, The Journal of Technology Transfer 37(1) (2010) 43-74. DOI: 10.1007/s10961-010-9171-x.[24] L.K. Sooreh, Salamzadeh, A., Safarzadeh, H. Salamzadeh, Y., Defining and Measuring Entrepreneurial Universities: A Study in Iranian Context Using Importance-Performance Analysis and TOPSIS Technique, Global Business and Management Research: An International Journal, 3(2) (2011) 182-199. [25] J.Y. Farsi, N. Imanipour and A. Salamzadeh, Entrepreneurial university conceptualization: case of developing countries, Global Business and Management Research, 4(2) (2012) 193-204. [26] Y.C. Chang, P.Y. Yang, B.R. Martin, H.R. Chi, T.F. Tsai-Lin, Entrepreneurial universities and research ambidexterity: A multilevel analysis, Technovation 54 (2016) 7-21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2016.02.006[27] G. Dalmarco, W. Hulsink, G.V. Blois, Creating entrepreneurial universities in an emerging economy: Evidencefrom Brazil, Technological Forecasting & Social Change 135 (2018) 99-111. doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2018.04.015.[28] S. Boffo, A. Cocorullo, University Fourth Mission: Spin-offs and Academic Entrenreneurship: Connecting Public Policies with new missions and management issues of universities, Higher Education Forum 16 (2019) 125-142.[29] D.V. Toan, Entrepreneurial Universities and the Development Model for Public Universities in Vietnam, International Journal of Entrepreneurship, 24(1) 2020 1-16. [30] J. Röpke, The Entrepreneurial University, Innovation, academic knowledge creation and regional development in a globalized economy, Working Paper Department of Economics, Philipps- Universität Marburg, Germany: 15, 1998[31] D.V. Toan, H.V. Hai, N.P. Mai, The Role of Entrepreneurship Development in Universities to Promote Knowledge Sharing: The Case of Vietnam National University Hanoi, Proceedings of Asia Pacific Conference on Information Management “Common Platform to A Sustainable Society In The Dynamic Asia Pacific”, VNU Press, Hanoi, October, 2016. [32] D.V. Toan, Development of enterprises in universities and policy implications for university governance reform in Vietnam VNU Journal of Science: Economics and Business, 35(1) (2019) 83-96 (in Vietnamese).[33] P. Zgaga, Higher Education in Transition - Reconsiderations on Higher Education in Europe at the Turn of Millennium, Monographs on Journal of Research in Teacher Education, Ed. Gun-Marie Frånberg, Publisher: Umeå University, 2007. ISBN: 978-91-7264-505-9.[34] J. Fielden, Global Trends in University Governance. Education Working Paper Series, number 9, World Bank, Washington, 2008.[35] A.H. Dooley, The role of academic boards in university governance, Policy paper formulated at the National Conference of Chairs of Academic Boards and Senates, The University of New South Wales, October 2005.[36] A. Lizzio, Student participation in university governance: the role conceptions and sense of efficacy of student representatives on departmental committees, Studies in Higher Education Journal, Taylor & Francis 34(1) (2009) 69-84. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075070802602000.[37] D.V. Toan, Development of Enterprises in Universities: From International Experience to Practices in Vietnam, Vietnam National University Press, Hanoi, 2019, 49-64 (in Vietnamese),.[38] D.V. Toan, H.T.C. Thuong, International experience in university governance and lessons for Vietnam, Economy and Forecast Review 20 (2020) 41-45. [39] D.V. Toan, Business development in universities: International experience and policy recomendation for Vietnam Economy and Forecast Review 35 (2018) 58-60 (in Vietnamese). [40] D.V. Toan, Entrepreneurship in public universities in Vietnam in the context of transition to autonomy (in Vietnamese), Economy and Forecast Review 30 (2019) 111-116.[41] D.V. Toan, University - Enterprise Cooperation in International Context and Implications for Vietnam (in Vietnamese), VNU Journal of Science: Economics and Business 32 (4) (2016) 32-44.    

Until the 13th Party Congress, the term/concept of "Social development management" has been increasingly perfected in terms of both content and policy and management implications. Nevertheless, the process of advocacy, development and practical manifestation of "development management" in Vietnamese social life is taking place rapidly. How does that process happen, especially in the context of national digital transformation? The relationship between social development management and digital transformation needs to be studied, supplemented and perfected from real life. From a macro perspective (considering national development orientations) and given document analysis (Party guidelines, State policies), the purpose of the article is to provide connotation of development management and social development in the new period (context of digital transformation ) in a wide range of aspects such as basic characteristics or content of the undertakings and policies. In doing so, it hopes to contribute to a better understanding of the term/concept of “social development management/governance". Keywords: Social development management, Digital transformation, New stage, Social development, Social management.    

Abstract: The Communist Party of Vietnam’s (CPV) policy of comprehensive economic renovation and reform of the economic growth model were proposed in two different historical periods. The economic renovation policy was proposed by the 6th National Congress of the CPV (1986), which defined the focus of a comprehensive reform of the economy for transforming the economy from a self-sufficient economy to a socialist-oriented market one with the State management. Following the economic renovation, the 11th National Congress of the CPV (2011) proposed the policy of renovation of the growth model and reconstruction of the economy, which was amended by the 12th National Congress of the CPV (2016). Keywords: Economic reform, development model reform, economy reconstruction, Communist Party of Vietnam

Tóm tắt: Người cao tuổi tăng nhanh trên thế giới, ở việt Nam là một hiện tượng xã hội phản ánh những tiến bộ đáng kể của y học cũng như các chính sách chăm sóc người cao tuổi ở các quốc gia  các chế độ chính trị khác nhau. Tuy nhiên việc gia tăng người cao tuổi cũng là một áp lực lớn cho các chính phủ của các quốc gia, dân tộc.Các nhà khoa học nhận định về ý nghĩa và sự cần thiết phải có những chính sách thích hợp nhằm khai thác, phát huy cao độ những mặt tích cực của người cao tuổi, giảm thiểu những hạn chế của xã hội , chính phủ, gia đình trong chăm sóc, nuôi dưỡng người cao tuổi. Bài báo đề xuất một vài chính sách nhằm góp phần chăm sóc hiệu quả hơn nữa người cao tuổi trong thời gian tới đây.

The issue of conflict of intellectual property rights in Vietnam is increasingly common and complicated, especially the conflict between copyright to applied art works and industrial property rights to industrial designs. There have been many studies ahead of research on this issue, but there is a lack of foreign law surveys. This article approaches the problem through a foreign law survey to propose a solution to the conflict between applied art works and industrial designs for Vietnam. Research tasks include: identifying the nature and causes of conflicts, conflict resolution mechanisms in Vietnam's current intellectual property law; points out shortcomings in current Vietnam's intellectual property law; compare with foreign laws and practices to draw lessons applicable to Vietnam.

Abstract: As one of the leading countries in rice export, Vietnam has always focused on investing and developing clean and green agriculture with the aim of sustainable development. In addition to traditional farming methods, farmers have gradually approached modern technologies and methods of large-scale goods production. The inter-regional nature between production and agriculture and interdisciplinary interactions between agriculture and services has become increasingly common in Vietnam's major rice production areas such as the Red River Delta and the Mekong Delta. This paper focuses on analyzing the socio-economic-ecological transformation in rice production of Vietnam, adopting the experience of ecological technology application under the framework of the LEGATO project - an interdisciplinary project participated by the Institute of Policy and Management for the period 2011-2016. The results of the project affirmed the importance of combining different research approaches in considering the socio-economic-ecological impacts in ecological technology development of agricultural production in Vietnam Keywords: Social, ecological and economic transformation, policy, sustainable development, interdisciplinary approach, stakeholders. References[1] Phillip Degenhardt, From Sustainable Development to Socio-Ecological Transformation, Tài liệu cung cấp bởi Quỹ Rosa Luxemburg, CHLB Đức, 2016.[2] Joachim H. Spangenberg, Sustainable development and social, ecological, and economic transformation in Vietnam: Insights for policy, Kỷ yếu tọa đàm quốc tế: Chia sẻ kinh nghiệm giữa Việt Nam và CHLB Đức về nghiên cứu và hoạch định chính sách trong bối cảnh chuyển đổi kinh tế, sinh thái và xã hội", Phú Yên, Tháng 5/2019.[3] Tổng cục Thống kê, Thông cáo báo chí về tình hình Lao động việc làm quý I năm 2018, 2018, https://www.gso.gov.vn/default.aspx?tabid=382&idmid=2&ItemID=18787 (Truy cập ngày 17 tháng 03 năm 2019).[4] Viện Chính sách và Quản lý, Báo cáo nghiên cứu của dự án LEGATO, Hà Nội, 2011.[5] Bích Hòa, Các KCN tỉnh Hải Dương hoạt động thành công trong năm 2016, 2017, http://khucongnghiep.com.vn/kinhnghiem/tabid/68/articleType/ArticleView/articleId/1870/Default.aspx (Truy cập ngày 20 tháng 04 năm 2019).[6] Nhân dân điện tử, Khởi động xây dựng Báo cáo đánh giá quốc gia đa chiều của Việt Nam, Nhân dân điện tử, 2019. http://www.nhandan.com.vn/kinhte/item/39323302-khoi-dong-xay-dung-bao-cao-danh-gia-quoc-gia-da-chieu-cua-viet-nam.html (Truy cập ngày 05 tháng 06 năm 2019)[7] OECD, OECD Development Pathways, Multi-dimensional Country Reviews, 2018 https://www.oecd.org/development/mdcr/ (Truy cập ngày 05 tháng 06 năm 2019).

Abstract: In the current trend, human activities of production and activities have discharged a large amount of waste. This makes the pressure to handle environmental pollution increasing. Therefore, environmental services have become an important economic sub-sector of many countries including Vietnam. In Vietnam, as of 2017, have 3,769 enterprises operate in the field of environmental services. Of which, more than 80% are non-state enterprises, about 1% are FDI enterprises and the rest are state-owned enterprises. Enterprises mainly focus on services with high demand resulting from the requirements of the 2005 Law on Environmental Protection, such as designing, manufacturing, and building waste treatment systems; environmental monitoring and analysis; consulting, training, providing environmental information. This paper provides a general analysis of businesses operating in the environmental services industry, the situation of attracting FDI into the industry, pointing out the causes and shortcomings in the development of the industry and giving some discussions and recommendations for developing environmental services in Vietnam. Keywords: Environmental services, FDI, Vietnam. References[1] Trần Hoàn, Hồ Trung Thành, Trương Thị Thanh Huyền, Điều tra đánh giá thực trạng phát triển dịch vụ môi trường ở việt nam và đề xuất các giải pháp phát triển phù hợp với các cam kết quốc tế trong tiến trình hội nhập kinh tế quốc tế, Viện nghiên cứu Thương Mại, Bộ Công Thương, 2007. [2] Tran Hoan, David Luff, Improve negotioation and implementation of international commitments on environmental goods and service, EU-MUTRAP, 2015.[3] David Luff, Nguyen Hoang Minh, Promotion of FDIs in the sector of environmental goods and services, Journal of Environmental Law and Policy, 32(2) (2015) 12-24.[4] WTO, Committee on Trade and Environment in Special Session: Report by the Chairman No. TN/TE/20, WTO, April, 2011.[5] Tổng cục thống kê, Niên giám thống kê, NXB Thống kê, Hà Nội, 2018.[6] Cục đầu tư nước ngoài, Báo cáo tình hình FDI tại Việt Nam 2012-2016, 2017.[7] Tổng cục thống kê, Niên gián Thống kê, NXB Thống kê, Hà Nội, 2014.