Historical development of the present classification of morphological types of stomatesThe Botanical Review - Tập 53 - Trang 53-79 - 1987
Margarita A. Baranova
There is a long-standing confusion between morphologic and ontogenetic classifications of stomates. The earliest scheme, by Vesque (1889) was proposed as basically ontogenetic, but it was soon widely applied to mature leaves. The ontogenetic distinction between haplocheilic and syndetocheilic stomates in gymnosperms, proposed by Florin (1931, 1933) soon suffered a similar fate. Continuing studies ...... hiện toàn bộ
Models of Cannabis Taxonomy, Cultural Bias, and Conflicts between Scientific and Vernacular NamesThe Botanical Review - Tập 83 - Trang 327-381 - 2017
John M. McPartland, Geoffrey W. Guy
Debates over Cannabis sativa L. and C. indica Lam. center on their taxonomic circumscription and rank. This perennial puzzle has been compounded by the viral spread of a vernacular nomenclature, “Sativa” and “Indica,” which does not correlate with C. sativa and C. indica. Ambiguities also envelop the epithets of wild-type Cannabis: the spontanea versus ruderalis debate (i.e., vernacular “Ruderalis...... hiện toàn bộ
Compression wood in conifers as a morphogenetic phenomenonThe Botanical Review - Tập 20 Số 9 - Trang 551-560 - 1954
Spurr, Stephen H., Hyvärinen, Matti J.
Although much has been done with compression wood, its basic causes have only recently been investigated. It seems quite clear that compression wood is formed indirectly as a counteractant to forces tending to deform a tree in any way. It seems equally clear that compression wood is actually under great compression and actually tends to straighten the tree or otherwise overcome the deformation, be...... hiện toàn bộ
Apomorphy-based definition also pinpoints a node, and PhyloCode names prevent effective communicationThe Botanical Review - Tập 69 - Trang 44-58 - 2003
Jun-Ichi Kojima
Acceptable methods of defining taxon (or clade) names in the draft PhyloCode, or so-called phylogenetic nomenclature, are “node based,” “stem based,” and “apomorphy based.” All of them define a clade name by pinpointing a node; whereas node-based and stem-based definitions require two or more taxon “specifiers” to define names, an apomorphy-based definition requires two specifiers of different typ...... hiện toàn bộ