Tạp chí Khoa học Đại học Đông Á

Từ khi có Nghị quyết 27-NQ/TW ngày 06.8.2008 của Ban Chấp hành Trung ương (khóa X) về xây dựng đội ngũ trí thức trong thời kỳ đẩy mạnh công nghiệp hóa, hiện đại hóa đất nước, đội ngũ trí thức tỉnh Đắk Lắk đã được sự quan tâm lãnh đạo, chỉ đạo của Đảng, Nhà nước và đã có những đóng góp nhất định. Tuy nhiên, hoạt động của đội ngũ trí thức vẫn còn những khó khăn, thách thức như về môi trường làm việc, kinh phí cho hoạt động khoa học công nghệ, tôn vinh trí thức cần được quan tâm nhiều hơn nữa. Nghiên cứu này đánh giá thực trạng và quá trình phát triển của đội ngũ trí thức tỉnh Đắk Lắk trong 15 năm qua. Kết quả nghiên cứu đã nêu lên những đóng góp của trí thức trong quá trình phát triển kinh tế - xã hội của tỉnh cũng như những khó khăn, vướng mắc cần được tháo gỡ để cống hiến nhiều hơn nữa cho sự nghiệp phát triển tại địa phương. Từ kết quả nghiên cứu, tác giả cũng đề xuất một số giải pháp nhằm phát huy vai trò, vị trí, sự cống hiến của trí thức nói chung và trí thức là đồng bào dân tộc thiểu số địa phương trong thời gian đến.

Carbon dots (C-dots) have emerged as an attractive class of nanomaterials (NMTs) with unique optical, structural, and biocompatible properties. Discovered in 2004, C-dots have attracted significant attention because of their tunable fluorescence, convenience of synthesis, and low poisonous, positioning them as an ideal candidate for various applications, including bio-imaging, medication delivery, and theranostics. This review presents a detailed examination of the synthesis techniques for C-dots, their optical properties, and surface functionalization techniques. Additionally, the review explores the usage of C-dots in biomedical use like diagnostic imaging, sensing, and therapeutic interventions, including photodynamic and photothermal therapies. While the potential of C-dots in theranostics is vast, challenges related to large-scale production, characterization, and regulatory approval remain. This review highlights recent advances in the field and discusses future directions for the clinical translation of C-dots in personalized medicine.

This research article explores the historical importance of Lương Sơn District, Hòa Bình Province, during the colonial time in Tonkin (1866-1954). Recognized as a strategic area that connects the plateau with the mountainous regions of northwestern Vietnam, Lương Sơn experienced rapid growth in its population, landscape, and society. However, the Communist Party’s conventional literature obscured the district’s rich history of colonial administrative and socio-cultural development. To give colonial Lương Sơn more color, this article uses textual analysis of source materials and new Vietnamese local history literature about the area. This helps historians and locals understand the vital role the district played in the development of Hòa Bình Province, which is evident in its growth under communist rule.

During the early 19 th  century, the intellectual currents of Scottish Enlightenment significantly infiltrated New South Wales. Macquarie instigated reforms that had a direct bearing on the economic, ideological, and cultural landscape of New South Wales. The ideological framework established by these reforms continues to exert influence on contemporary Australian political culture. Employing a methodology that synthesizes and analyzes secondary qualitative data, this article elucidates the formation and evolution of the Australian economy in conjunction with British foreign trade and Enlightenment philosophical discourse of the early 19 th  century, aiming to reconstruct the contextual backdrop that led to the inevitable emergence of Macquarie’s reforms and their ramifications. The article assesses the legacy of the reforms on Australian economy, ideology, culture to critically evaluate their contributions and significance. Building upon this foundation, the article draws parallels with certain reforms enacted in Asia during the 19 th  century to elucidate some distinctive characteristics inherent in the reforms instituted by Macquarie.

The RSCD-modified electrode has excellent catalytic electrochemistry properties to CFE with a well-defined electrochemical peak, at 1.26 V. The linear correlation of the peak current, Ip of CFE and the concentration range (0.2 µM – 1.4 µM) give a small LOD value of 0.095 M and LOQ value of 0.313 M. This illustrates good sensitivity and the ability to apply the modified electrode to detect CFE in several practical matrix samples.

The pervasive presence of micro/nano plastics in aquatic environments has emerged as a critical environmental challenge, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of their sources, behaviors, impacts, and removal strategies. This systematic review synthesizes recent advancements in the detection, impact assessment, and remediation of micro/nano plastics in water bodies. Through an in-depth analysis of contemporary studies, the review elucidates the multifaceted nature of plastic pollution, highlighting the efficacy of innovative technologies such as membrane bioreactors, electrocoagulation, biochar adsorption, advanced oxidation processes, magnetic nanoparticles, and bioremediation. These methodologies demonstrate varying degrees of success in mitigating the environmental and health risks associated with micro/nano plastics. The review underscores the importance of integrating technological innovations with policy measures to enhance the efficacy of water treatment processes and safeguard aquatic ecosystems. Future research directions are identified to address existing gaps and improve the scalability and implementation of these promising solutions.

After gaining independence in the 10th century, Vietnam (formerly known as Đại Việt) established diplomatic relations with China based on a “universal order” relationship, wherein China was the “suzerain” and Vietnam was the “tributary state.” Consequently, Vietnam was required to periodically send envoys bearing tribute to Chinese dynasties and perform other diplomatic missions. This activity persisted from the 11th century until the late 19th century. However, from the Lê-Trịnh era (17th century onwards), the envoys sent by Vietnam to China also undertook commercial activities assigned by the Vietnamese court. Based on Vietnamese and Chinese historical sources, this paper provides an overview of the method by which the Vietnamese court, from the Lê-Trịnh era to the Nguyễn dynasty (17th century to the late 19th century), dispatched envoys to China; the routes taken by these envoys through established pathways connecting China and Vietnam since the 14th century; and discusses the role of Vietnamese envoys in concurrent commercial activities during their missions to China in the 18th and 19th centuries. The paper also lists the tribute items and some goods that Nguyễn dynasty envoys brought to China for tribute or trade, as well as the goods that the envoys purchased for the Vietnamese court.

The study quantitatively probes into the potential prospect of whether students’ pre-knowledge concerning a given topic in the English writing task has any correlation, either positive or negative, to their ensuing score. With one functional research question and a pool sample of non-English major undergraduates whose relevant language proficiency and backgrounds are curriculum-inclined to be homogeneous overall, the study relies on the test as the research instrument, the scores of which are regarded as data. Subsequent analyses which employ one-sample t-test and Pearson’s correlational test against the conventional p-value of 0.05 yield results that align with what is posited prior, and serve to provide further evidence of the possibility of the phenomenon in the localized context of Vietnamese higher education. The study, despite its confidence in academic integrity, has not delved deeply into the intricacies surrounding the presented notion – all of which duly addressed. It, however, sufficiently points out the novelty of the research and urges additional works to explore the subject further with this as the foundation.

A study on vocational training policies for rural workers in Viet Nam proposes some important solutions. As well as combining TVET with employment opportunities and raising awareness among authorities and workers, the study also highlights the need to improve policy tools and increase investment in vocational training institutions. This includes improving facilities, teachers and curricula, as well as developing craft villages and traditional craft villages. It is hoped that these measures will create better conditions for the organization of vocational training for rural workers, and at the same time improve the effectiveness of this policy in Vietnam in the future.

Sau khi quân đội triều Nguyễn mở cuộc tấn công vào Tòa Khâm sứ Trung Kỳ và doanh trại lính Pháp ở đồn Mang Cá bên trong Kinh Thành Huế vào rạng sáng ngày 05.7.1885, quân đội Pháp ở Huế đã nhanh chóng đẩy lùi cuộc tấn công này, dẫn đến sự kiện “Kinh đô thất thủ”, khiến vua Hàm Nghi (trị vì: 1884 - 1885), hoàng gia triều Nguyễn và những người đứng đầu “phái chủ chiến” trong triều đình phải rời bỏ kinh đô Huế, đi lên căn cứ Tân Sở ở Quảng Trị trú thân, tìm cách tập hợp lực lượng để tiến hành cuộc kháng chiến lâu dài chống thực dân Pháp. Tại Tân Sở, vua Hàm Nghi ban bố “Dụ Cần Vương” kêu gọi toàn dân đứng lên đánh Pháp. Tuy nhiên, ngoài “Dụ Cần Vương” này, còn hai văn bản khác, được gọi là “Chiếu Cần Vương”, xuất hiện muộn hơn và gây nhiều tranh cãi trong giới nghiên cứu lịch sử Việt Nam ở trong và ngoài nước. Bài viết này dựa vào những khảo cứu và bình luận về ba bức “Chiếu Cần Vương” nói trên, đã được các nhà nghiên cứu ở trong và ngoài nước đăng tải trên các tạp chí và diễn đàn học thuật từ năm 1996 đến nay. Từ đó, đưa ra những nhận định về tính thật / giả của các văn bản này và làm sáng tỏ một số vấn đề lịch sử xung quanh các văn bản này.