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The partial reinforcement effect after minimal acquisition: Single pellet reward, spaced trials
Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 15 - Trang 146-146 - 2013
Achievement of a PREE following a small number of trials has posed a problem for several explanations of the PREE. The use of single or multiple pellets is also important to some of the explanations. In the present study the usual PREE was achieved using a single pellet and spaced trials.
Some effects of light on sound intensity generalization
Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 3 - Trang 437-438 - 2014
This study determined whether a sound intensity generalization gradient would be displaced laterally if extraneous light intensity were changed from training to test. The results showed that (a) when Ss were trained in the absence of a light, introduction of the light on generalization-test trials displaced the generalization gradient toward the weaker sound intensities, and (b) when Ss were train......
Tube feeding: Intestinal factors in gastric loading
Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 10 - Trang 373-374 - 2013
An experiment was performed to measure stomach retention as a function of stomach load in 60 female albino rats. Each group (N = 10) was loaded with 5, 12, or 25 ml of either isotonic saline or Metrecal. It was found that stomach retention was equal to stomach load only in the 5 ml condition. When greater loads were used, an increasing proportion of the loads passed into the intestine. Intestinal ......
A free-association test of the differential unlearning hypothesis of pseudomediation
Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 5 - Trang 143-144 - 2013
Three predictions, generated from the Mandler and Earhard postulates of pseudomediation, were considered in a three stage PA transfer situation designed to facilitate a mediatedchaining effect. Predictions of superior control condition performance in the second stage, and superior experimental condition performance in the third stage were supported. Free-association data failed to support a predic......
Factors affecting children’s alternation and choice behaviors
Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 13 - Trang 65-66 - 2014
Following 0, 3, 6, 12, or 24 exposures to a red or a green tight, 6-, 7-, and 8-year-old children were required on each of 31 trials to choose either the familiarized or a nonfamiliarized light by pushing a button which activated the chosen light. Response duration (RD) on each trial was either 1 or 11 sec for all Ss. Frequency of choice of the nonfamiliarized stimulus was increased by familiariza......
Classical conditioning of attitudes as a function of source consensus
Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 9 - Trang 465-466 - 2013
Employing the general approach which Neal Miller (1959) has called “extension of liberalized S-R theory,” an analogy was drawn between source consensus in attitude formation and UCS-strength in classical conditioning. 350 Ss were exposed to persuasive arguments advocated by a group source with five levels of consensus (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% of “the experts”). As in classical conditioning, respon......
Exploratory behavior in response to the spatial rearrangement of familiar stimuli
Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 24 - Trang 117-118 - 2013
The effects of the spatial rearrangement of familiar stimuli on exploratory behavior were studied in the Mongolian gerbil. Using an open-field situation, Ss were exposed to one or a number of stimuli in a particular spatial relation to each other and to the walls of the container. A rearrangement of these stimuli (or stimulus) subsequently evoked considerably more exploration than did the control ......
Erratum to: Compound testing of individually conditioned stimuli as an index of excitatory and inhibitory properties
Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 18 - Trang 28-28 - 2013
Auditory differential conditioning of the rabbit nictitating membrane response: II. Effects of interstimulus interval and cue similarity
Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 15 - Trang 125-126 - 2013
In Experiment 1 each of48Ss was given 3 days of conditioning in a 3 by 2 factorial design combining interstimulus intervals (ISIs) of 250, 500, and 1000 msec with frequency separations (Δf) between the reinforced (CS+) and nonreinforced (CS-) conditioned stimulus of 200 and 1400 Hz. The results revealed poor differentiation with Δf=200Hz and uniformly good differentiation with Δf= 1400 Hz. This fi......
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