Springer Science and Business Media LLC

In recovering Ge and Ag from the calcine and fume dusts mixture of Huidong Lead-zinc Mine, the flow sheet of hot acid leaching-halotrichite method mainly consists of neutral leaching, low-acid leaching, high acid leaching and jarosite precipitation. In the ten circulation periods, the technology flow sheet was carried out smoothly. The loss of Ge in halotrichite residue is less than 5.0%, when iron is precipitated by using ferric potassium alum instead of common Na or ammonium alum and the conditions are controlled at temperature about 95 °C for more than 3 h, pH values below 1. 5. Ge and Ag are concentrated in the high acid leached residue, and their contents are 0.032% and 0.162%, respectively, and the total recovery and direct recovery of zinc are 98.94% and 96.15%, respectively.

For waterflooding reservoir, oil trapped in pore’s dead ends is hardly flushed out, and usually becomes one typical type of residual oil. The microscopic displacement characteristics of polymer solution with varied viscoelastic property were studied by numerical and experimental method. According to main pore structure characteristics and rheological property of polymer solution through porous media, displacement models for residual oil trapped in dead ends were proposed, and upper-convected Maxwell rheological model was used as polymer solution’s constitutive equation. The flow and stress field was given and displacement characteristic was quantified by introducing a parameter of micro swept coefficient. The calculated and experimental results show that micro swept coefficient rises with the increase of viscoelasticity; for greater viscoelasticity of polymer solution, vortices in the dead end have greater swept volume and displacing force on oil, and consequently entraining the swept oil in time. In addition, micro swept coefficient in dead end is function of the inclination angle (θ) between pore and dead end. The smaller of θ and 180-θ, the flow field of viscoelastic fluid is developed in dead ends more deeply, resulting in more contact with oil and larger swept coefficient.

The simulations of Cr atom substitution character during the formation of Ll2 and DO22 phases in Ni-Cr-Al alloy were performed at 873 K based on microscopic phase-field model. It is found that the substitution of Cr is affected by Cr and Al contents and limits of occupation probabilities of Cr atom in Ll2 phase are present. The precipitate is single Ll2 phase when the component is less than the limit, Cr atoms substitute the Al sublattices in Ll2 phase, and both of atoms Al and Cr occupy the β-sites and complex phases Ni3(Al1−xCrx) are formed; Cr atoms enter Ni sites when Al and Cr contents exceed the limit, and substitute β-sites or both of α-and β-sites. The DO22 phase is formed at the boundary of Ll2 phase.

Polycrystalline PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3 (PZT) thin films with different thicknesses were prepared by metal-organic decomposition (MOD) at different thermal decomposition temperatures, and their effective elastic constants were evaluated with X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The relative intensities of textures in the thin films were analyzed from XRD patterns, and the effective elastic constants were calculated by averaging over orientations according to the relative intensities. On the other hand, Gaussian distribution functions were used to fit the normalized intensities of (001) pole figures, and the effective elastic constants of PZT thin films were calculated according to the grains’ orientation distribution described by Gaussian distribution functions. The results show that the effective elastic constants of PZT polycrystalline thin films evaluated by XRD patterns are in good agreement with those evaluated by pole figures, and the differences are within 10%. The effective elastic constants of PZT thin films are greatly affected by the thermal decomposition temperature, while the effects of thickness of thin films are relatively small.

Mục tiêu Tacrolimus là một thuốc ức chế miễn dịch có khoảng trị liệu hẹp và có sự biến động lớn theo từng cá thể trong dược động học của nó. Tacrolimus là một chất nền của cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A5. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu này là đánh giá xem đa hình A6986G có liên quan đến tỷ lệ nồng độ / liều tacrolimus hay không. Phương pháp Năm mươi hai bệnh nhân ghép thận người Trung Quốc đã được tham gia vào nghiên cứu này. Cân nặng, liều lượng và nồng độ tacrolimus của họ đã được quan sát. Genotype CYP3A5 được xác định bằng phương pháp khuếch đại chuỗi polymerase, sau đó là phân tích chiều dài đoạn giới hạn. Kết quả Một mối liên quan đáng kể được tìm thấy giữa nồng độ tacrolimus theo liều/kg/ngày và đa hình gen CYP3A5 A6986G (P<0.001). Các bệnh nhân CYP3A5 * 3 * 3 có nồng độ tacrolimus theo liều cao hơn đáng kể so với CYP3A5 * 1 * 1 và CYP3A5 * 1 * 3. Kết luận Đa hình gen CYP3A5 A6986G có liên quan đến dược động học tacrolimus và nhu cầu liều lượng. Các phương pháp dược học di truyền có thể được sử dụng tiềm năng để hỗ trợ việc lựa chọn liều và cá nhân hóa liệu pháp ức chế miễn dịch theo kết quả.

The separation of Co2+ from Zn2+, Cd2+ by anion-exchange chromatography was discussed. The chromatographic column containing anion resin 201 × 7 which was saturated with a solution of ammonium chloride. The effects of the eluant acidity and eluant composition on the separation were investigated. The results indicate that this anion-exchange chromatography is suitable to the separation of Co2+ from Zn2+, Cd2+, and the condition of separation is simple and convenient. When the column is saturated with NH4Cl solution (2.0 mol/L, pH=4.0), the separation can be completed effectively. Zn2+ and Cd2+ can also be separated when different eluants are used and the pure solution with high concentration of Zn2+, Cd2+ respectively can be obtained easily.

The age of alkali-rich porphyries in the western margin of Yangtze Platform is 30–50 Ma; the minerals mainly are orthoclase, quartz, plagioclase; the chemical composition is alkali-rich [(K2O+Na2O)>8%], highpotash[(K2O+Na2O)=5.09%−8.30%]; the content of ΣREE is relatively low, LREE is concentrated, without anomaly of europium; the average initial ratio of 87Sr/86Sr is 0.7073; the value of δ34S similar to that of the meteoritic sulfur; the ratio of Pb isotope corresponds to that of upper mantle; metallogenic types belong to Cu, Mo, Au, Ag, Pb, Zn polymetal mineralization and rare, rare-earth metal mineralization.

A machining system is a typical manufacturing system. A green manufacturing function framework of machining systems is structured to describe the traits of input, output and control elements in the system. Based on the function framework, the green manufacturing problem framework of machining systems is presented. The green manufacturing problems in machining systems are classified into three classes and related series of subclass problems. The three classes of problems in the green manufacturing problem framework are the problems of the minimization of resource consumption, the minimization of environmental discharge, and the synthesized minimization of both of them. A series of investigations and practices on green manufacturing in machining system, performed by the authors for quite a long period, are introduced in brief, such as the optimizing system for raw material cutting, the matching system for energy-saving in machining, the design of highly efficient dry hobbing machine tools, the multi-objective decision-making model for green manufacturing in machining systems, and the decision-making supporting system for green manufacturing in machining processes.

Pb2+ and Cd2+ in leachate were adsorbed on clay-solidified grouting curtain for waste landfills with equilibrium experiment. The cation exchange capacity was determined with ammonium acetate. And the concentration of heavy metal cations in leachate was determined with atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Their equilibrium isotherms were measured, and the experimental isotherm data were analyzed by using Freundlich and Langmuir models. The results show that the adsorption capacities of the heavy metal cations are closely related to the compositions of clay-solidified grouting curtain, and the maximum adsorption appears at the ratio of cement to clay of 2:4 in the experimental conditions. At their maximum adsorption and pH 5.0, the adsorption capacities of Pb2+ and Cd2+ are 16.19 mg/g and 1.21 mg/g. The competitive adsorption coefficients indicate that the adsorption of clay-solidified grouting curtain for Pb2+ is stronger than that for Cd2+. The adsorption process conforms to Freundlich’s model with related coefficient higher than 0.996.

Maize masa was obtained using a traditional nixtamalisation process, and then freeze-dried to obtain dried masa. Both masa dispersions with 10%(w/V) total solids control (DM), masa dispersions mixed with carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and xanthan gum (0.2% and 0.5%(mass fraction) gum solids) named masa with hydrocolloid (DMH) were prepared by distilled water, and the rheological properties were tested. Dynamic oscillatory measurements were performed on a TA Instruments AR-1000 Controlled Strain Rheometer using a parallel plates system with a diameter of 60 mm and a gap of 200 μm. The strain amplitude sweeps were run from 0.1% to 3 % in the 1st stage (at 25 °C) and from 0.1% to 5% in the 2nd (at 90 °C) and 3rd stages (at 25 °C) of a heating (at 25–95 °C, stage 1) — cooking (95 °C, 10 min, stage 2)-cooling (95 °C to 25 °C, stage3) kinetics at a frequency value of 1 Hz. Once the linear viscoelastic region was found, the frequency sweeps (0.1–10 Hz) were run when a constant strain value of 0.3% was used in the 1st and 2nd stages and of 0.5% in the 3rd stage of the kinetics. All masa samples (DM and DMH) behave as viscoelastic gels with G′ (elastic modulus) >G″ (viscous modulus), when all masu samples are subjected to three stages of heating-cooking-cooling kinetics using increments in the moduli values as progressing from one stage to another. Overall, the hydrocolloid addition decreases both moduli values, probably by interfiring with the masa components structure in an aqueous environment. The smoothest gel is the one of DMH-xanthan with 0.5% (mass fraction) of solids.