Mating occurs on the larval host plant in allRhagoletis species (Diptera:
Tephritidae). We show how this attribute, when coupled with certain differences
in other biological traits, strongly influences the mode of speciation. In
species of thesuavis species group, host shifts have never occurred during
speciation, and larvae feed in the husks of any walnut species(Juglans spp.),
which are highly t... hiện toàn bộ
The plant-to-plant movement of insects in one of the factors determining the
distribution of individuals in insect populations. In this report the movement
of barley aphids was analyzed by a statistical model. The model is represented
as the convolution of three probability functions: The probability thatl
individuals are located on a plant at timet 1 is represented by the following
equation $$R\l... hiện toàn bộ
The spatial distribution of the eggs, larvae, pupae and adults of the wheat-bulb
fly was investigated by fitting 42 sets of data comprising 1334 samples to the
Poisson and negative binomial distributions, and by using the power law (S 2 =am
b ). In general, the tests indicated that all stages were aggregated and fitted
the negative binomial model.... hiện toàn bộ
Enclosed populations of pine mice were studied over a 28-month period and
compared with populations in surrounding natural areas. The enclosed populations
reached densities far greater than any observed in surrounding natural areas. It
is suggested that the restriction placed on dispersal by the enclosure walls and
the addition of food in the form of trap bait could have allowed the enclosed
popul... hiện toàn bộ
In geological history, rapid speciation, called adaptive radiation, has occurred
repeatedly. The origins of such newly developing taxa often evolved from the
symbiosis of different species. Mutualistic symbioses are generally considered
to evolve from parasitic relationships. As well as the previous model of host
population with discrete generations, a differential equation model of host
populatio... hiện toàn bộ
Một phương pháp phân tích mẫu không gian sử dụng các ô mẫu với kích thước khác
nhau được phát triển dựa trên mối quan hệ giữa mật độ trung bình (m) và độ dày
trung bình $$\mathop m\limits^*$$. Phân tích hồi quy $$\mathop m\limits^*$$ trên
m thu được từ các thay đổi liên tiếp về kích thước ô mẫu trong cùng một quần thể
(quan hệ đơn vị) cho thấy một mẫu đặc trưng theo loại phân bố. Bằng cách sử dụng... hiện toàn bộ
Populational extinction due to inbreeding depression is analyzed with simple
population genetic and population ecological models. Two alternative genetic
mechanisms of inbreeding depression, i.e. recessive deleterious genes and
overdominant genes, are assumed in separate analyses in order to examine their
relative importance. With both mechanisms the population size and the
coefficient of inbreedi... hiện toàn bộ
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