Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society
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The early evening boundary layer transition
Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society - Tập 107 Số 452 - Trang 329-343 - 1981
A three‐dimensional primitive equation model of cumulonimbus convectionAbstract The model is described and the results of three integrations presented. Its main novel features are the inclusion of non‐hydrostatic terms in a pressure co‐ordinate system, and the treatment of flow through the lateral boundaries. The results of the integrations, one with an ambient vertical wind shear and two without, indicate that the cloud dynamics is qu... ... hiện toàn bộ
Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society - Tập 100 Số 424 - Trang 133-154 - 1974
On the non‐hydrostatic equations in pressure and sigma coordinatesAbstract The non‐hydrostatic equations governing the inviscid, adiabatic motion of a perfect gas are formulated using pressure as vertical coordinate; and M. J. Miller's 1974 approximate quasi‐non‐hydrostatic pressure coordinate equations are derived by applying a systematic scale analysis and power series expansion. The derivation makes clear that these equations a... ... hiện toàn bộ
Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society - Tập 110 Số 464 - Trang 515-533 - 1984
Non‐Linear Three‐Dimensional Effects On Gravity‐Wave Drag: Splitting Flow and Breaking WavesAbstract A study has been made of some aspects of frictionless stratified flow past three‐dimensional isolated mountains. the study uses a three‐dimensional non‐hydrostatic numerical model to investigate the behaviour of the flow as a function of the Froude number, and produces a picture of the dependence of the gravity‐wave drag on the Froude number for a wide rang... ... hiện toàn bộ
Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society - Tập 118 Số 508 - Trang 1057-1081 - 1992
Precipitation over the North Atlantic OceanAbstract The frequency of various types of ‘present‐weather’ observations are analysed and a method is derived using these to obtain estimates of mean monthly precipitation. The method is applied to observations from ocean weather ships in the North Atlantic Ocean to obtain the mean monthly, seasonal and annual precipitation over the ocean during the five‐year perio... ... hiện toàn bộ
Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society - Tập 87 Số 372 - Trang 147-158 - 1961
Retrieval of microphysical and morphological properties of volcanic ash plumes from satellite data: Application to Mt Ruapehu, New ZealandAbstract A quantitative analysis of the properties of several Mt Ruapehu, New Zealand, ash plumes has been performed using multispectral satellite data from the AVHRR‐2 and ATSR‐2 instruments. The analysis includes: identification of the plume from background clouds using the ‘reverse’ absorption effect in the thermal channels: modelling and retrieval of particle si... ... hiện toàn bộ
Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society - Tập 127 Số 576 - Trang 2153-2179 - 2001
Analysis of second‐order moments in surface layer turbulence in an Alpine valleyAbstract The paper presents the analysis of field measurements in the atmospheric surface layer over the floor of the Adige Valley, near the city of Bolzano in the Alps. Turbulence quantities, such as drag coefficient, displacement height and roughness length, appear similar to those reported in the literature concerning surface‐layer turbulence over flat uniform te... ... hiện toàn bộ
Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society - Tập 135 Số 644 - Trang 1750-1765 - 2009
Diagnosis and adaptive tuning of observation‐error parameters in a variational assimilationAbstract Following the a posteriori diagnosis approach proposed by some authors, a practical computation of the expectation of sub‐parts of the value of a cost function at the minimum is shown to be feasible by using a randomization technique based on a perturbation of observations or background fields. These computations allow the tuning ... ... hiện toàn bộ
Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society - Tập 127 Số 574 - Trang 1433-1452 - 2001
On the interaction of observation and prior error correlations in data assimilationThe importance of prior error correlations in data assimilation has long been known; however, observation‐error correlations have typically been neglected. Recent progress has been made in estimating and accounting for observation‐error correlations, allowing for the optimal use of denser observations. Given this progress, it is now timely to ask how prior and observation‐error correlation... ... hiện toàn bộ
Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society - Tập 144 Số 710 - Trang 48-62 - 2018
The interaction between model resolution, observation resolution and observation density in data assimilation: A one‐dimensional studyAbstract In this paper, the optimal configurations of model resolution, observation resolution and observation density are investigated in a simple one‐dimensional framework. In this context, the representativeness error is formalized and estimated before being used in the analysis‐error formulation. Some optimal and suboptimal assimilation‐schemes, differing from d... ... hiện toàn bộ
Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society - Tập 128 Số 582 - Trang 1367-1386 - 2002
Tổng số: 116
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