Physics Today
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Thermoelectric Materials: New Approaches to an Old ProblemThermoelectrics is an old field. In 1823, Thomas Seebeck discovered that a voltage drop appears across a sample that has a temperature gradient. This phenomenon provided the basis for thermocouples used for measuring temperature and for thermoelectric power generators. In 1838, Heinrich Lenz placed a drop of water on the junction of metal wires made of bismuth and antimony. Passing an elec... ... hiện toàn bộ
Physics Today - Tập 50 Số 3 - Trang 42-47 - 1997
Laser Cascade Lượng Tử Dịch bởi AI Kỹ thuật cấu trúc băng tần đã dẫn đến sự phát triển của một loại laser hoàn toàn mới với các ứng dụng từ phân tích khí vết cực kỳ nhạy đến truyền thông.
Physics Today - Tập 55 Số 5 - Trang 34-40 - 2002
Superconductivity in Doped FullerenesCarbon 60 is a fascinating and arrestingly beautiful molecule. With 12 pentagonal and 20 hexagonal faces symmetrically arrayed in a soccer-ball-like structure that belongs to the icosahedral point group Ih, its high symmetry alone invites special attention. The publication in September 1990 of a simple technique for manufacturing and concentrating macroscopic amounts of this new form of ca... ... hiện toàn bộ
Physics Today - Tập 45 Số 11 - Trang 26-32 - 1992
Optics of the Atmosphere: Scattering by Molecules and Particles
Physics Today - Tập 30 Số 5 - Trang 76-77 - 1977
The Primary Steps of PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis, the process by which plants convert solar energy into chemical energy, results in about 10 billion tons of carbon entering the biosphere annually as carbohydrate—equivalent to about eight times mankind's energy consumption in 1990. The apparatus used by plants to perform this conversion is both complex and highly efficient. Two initial steps of photosynthesis—energy transfe... ... hiện toàn bộ
Physics Today - Tập 47 Số 2 - Trang 48-55 - 1994
Defects and Superconductivity in the Copper OxidesFew superconducting materials have presented us with the structural elegance and complexity displayed by the recently discovered high-Tc copper oxides. The structures of these materials, consisting of metal-oxygen layers stacked in a variety of sequences, with the metal atoms often in unusual coordinations, are interesting in their own right. More importantly, our present understanding of ... ... hiện toàn bộ
Physics Today - Tập 44 Số 6 - Trang 34-40 - 1991
Thermodynamics and economicsWhile physical sciences deal with the interactions of matter and energy, economics can be said to deal with the production and exchange of goods and services. Because goods and services incorporate matter and energy, the physical sciences are clearly relevant to economics. In particular, one can expect the laws of thermodynamics to impose constraints on economic processes as they do on phy... ... hiện toàn bộ
Physics Today - Tập 37 Số 11 - Trang 62-71 - 1984
Wannier-Stark Ladders and Bloch Oscillations in SuperlatticesConduction electrons in real crystalline solids behave very much like electrons in free space, moving in straight lines between collisions when subject to an electric field. But in an ideal (although cold) world, free from scattering by impurities, imperfections and thermal vibrations of the lattice, how would conduction electrons behave? That question, answered in principle long ago in li... ... hiện toàn bộ
Physics Today - Tập 46 Số 6 - Trang 34-42 - 1993
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