AbstractIn a study comparing the effects of two treatments, the propensity score
is the probability of assignment to one treatment conditional on a subject's
measured baseline covariates. Propensity‐score matching is increasingly being
used to estimate the effects of exposures using observational data. In the most
common implementation of propensity‐score matching, pairs of treated and
untreated s... hiện toàn bộ
AbstractThis article provides minimum requirements for having confidence in the
accuracy of EC50/IC50 estimates. Two definitions of EC50/IC50s are considered:
relative and absolute. The relative EC50/IC50 is the parameter c in the
4‐parameter logistic model and is the concentration corresponding to a response
midway between the estimates of the lower and upper plateaus. The absolute
EC50/IC50 is t... hiện toàn bộ
The need to use rigorous, transparent, clearly interpretable, and scientifically
justified methodology for preventing and dealing with missing data in clinical
trials has been a focus of much attention from regulators, practitioners, and
academicians over the past years. New guidelines and recommendations emphasize
the importance of minimizing the amount of missing data and carefully selecting
pri... hiện toàn bộ
Propensity score methods are increasingly used in medical literature to estimate
treatment effect using data from observational studies. Despite many papers on
propensity score analysis, few have focused on the analysis of survival data.
Even within the framework of the popular proportional hazard model, the choice
among marginal, stratified or adjusted models remains unclear. A Monte Carlo
simula... hiện toàn bộ
Dmitri V. Zaykin, L. A. Zhivotovsky, Wendy Czika, Susan Shao, Russell D. Wolfinger
AbstractIn large‐scale genomics experiments involving thousands of statistical
tests, such as association scans and microarray expression experiments, a key
question is: Which of the L tests represent true associations (TAs)? The
traditional way to control false findings is via individual adjustments. In the
presence of multiple TAs, p‐value combination methods offer certain advantages.
Both Fishe... hiện toàn bộ
AbstractIt is often required to compare two measurements in medicine and other
experimental sciences. This problem covers a broad range of data, and examples
can be found in different industries. In this paper, a new index on measuring
agreement is proposed, which is similar to Lin's concordance correlation
coefficient but derived from a criterion which is more conceptually appealing
and which off... hiện toàn bộ
Christy Chuang‐Stein, Simon Kirby, Ian Hirsch, Gary Atkinson
AbstractThe minimum clinically important difference (MCID) between treatments is
recognized as a key concept in the design and interpretation of results from a
clinical trial. Yet even assuming such a difference can be derived, it is not
necessarily clear how it should be used. In this paper, we consider three
possible roles for the MCID. They are: (1) using the MCID to determine the
required samp... hiện toàn bộ