Optics and Spectroscopy

Optical characteristics of human sclera are experimentally studied. Experiments are performed in vitro on a Cary-2415 spectrophotometer in the spectral range 370–2500 nm. Based on the measured diffuse reflection and total transmission spectra, the absorption and transport scattering coefficient spectra are calculated by the inverse adding-doubling method.

The mechanism of the additive coloring of calcium fluoride crystals, both pure and doped with I- and III-group elements, has been investigated. The coloring rate and intensity and the dependences of these parameters on the experimental conditions, vapor mixture pressure, and temperature have been experimentally determined. It is shown that the concentration of anion vacancies/electrons that can be introduced into crystals is in the range of 1017–1018 cm−3; in crystals with a high concentration of rare earth ions, the limiting concentration can be an order of magnitude higher.