AbstractThe quantification of precipitation on a global scale is critical for applications ranging from climate monitoring to water resource management. Conventional observations through surface gauge networks provide the most direct measure of precipitation, although these are very much limited to land areas, with very few in situ measur...... hiện toàn bộ
Jean Palutikof, B. Brabson, D.H. Lister, Susan T. Adcock
AbstractMethods to calculate extreme wind speeds are described and reviewed, including ‘classical’ methods based on the generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution and the generalized Pareto distribution (GPD), and approaches designed specifically to deal with short data sets. The emphasis is very much on the needs of users who seek an accurate method to derive ex...... hiện toàn bộ
M. Naresh Kumar, C. S. Murthy, M. V. R. Sesha Sai, P. S. Roy
AbstractMonthly rainfall data from June to October for 39 years were used to compute Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) values based on two parameter gamma distribution for a low rainfall and a high rainfall districts of Andhra Pradesh state, India. Comparison of SPI with actual rainfall and rainfall deviation from the mean indicated that SPI values under‐estim...... hiện toàn bộ
AbstractThis paper addresses the long‐standing problem of plotting atmospheric fronts objectively. A thermodynamic definition of a front is proposed. Time‐independent diagnostic quantities are then devised according to this definition. These can be computed from any gridded dataset. Fronts are then plotted, without human intervention, by utilising standard graphics...... hiện toàn bộ
AbstractResults of research work concerning the spatial estimation of precipitation and air temperature and the representation of different climatic indices, which assess the climate of a region in northern Greece, are reported. The climatic indices used were the Johansson Continentality Index, the Kerner Oceanity Index, the De Martonne Aridity Index and the Pinna ...... hiện toàn bộ
AbstractIt is becoming increasingly important to be able to verify the spatial accuracy of precipitation forecasts, especially with the advent of high‐resolution numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. In this article, the fractions skill score (FSS) approach has been used to perform a scale‐selective evaluation of precipitation forecasts during 2003 from the Me...... hiện toàn bộ
AbstractA ground‐based network of Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers can be used to determine the excess propagation path of the GPS signals. Using surface pressure data it is possible to derive the excess path caused by water vapour. This quantity is often referred to as the wet delay. We have studied the relationship between the wet delay and the integrate...... hiện toàn bộ
ABSTRACTThis review discusses some of the current issues in wind energy meteorology from the viewpoint of a meteorologist. The focus is on four major subjects: (1) the wind potential, (2) the influence of major terrain inhomogeneities on this wind potential, (3) diurnal wind variations and (4) the impact of wind turbines and wind parks on the flow. The wind potenti...... hiện toàn bộ
AbstractThis brief paper further develops the objective front‐plotting methodology described in Hewson (1996), to enable the tips of frontal wave cyclones to also be objectively identified. The method embraces a new definition of frontal waves, but is analogous to operational practice in that these waves are located where cold and warm fronts join. It is suggested ...... hiện toàn bộ
Alan Seed, John Nicol, G. L. Austin, C. D. Stow, Stuart Bradley
AbstractThis paper investigates the impact of sampling errors on the estimation of the parameters of the relation Z = aRb used in the measurement of rainfall (R) from radar reflectivity (Z). Simulation results show that, at levels of sampling errors likely to be observed in real data sets, of the order 100 gauge and radar observation pairs are ...... hiện toàn bộ