Measurement Techniques

An instrument for investigating temperature processes of 30–5000 µsec duration with a time resolution of 2 µsec is described and examples of its use are given.

The design is considered of a precision readout channel of a high-accuracy angle-digitizing converter utilizing an electromagnetic rotary transformer with lumped windings.

A test scheme is proposed that provides unified measurements in ophthalmological refractometry. The wavelength dependence has been determined for the optical strength (ametropia) of the optical measure for the radiations in the infrared and visible ranges for the nominal values defined by ISO standards.

A method is proposed for estimating the number of necessary measurements to obtain a correct evaluation of pollutant discharge in a flow, and reasons are given for unsatisfactory results and the measurement errors. It is found that the specifications for restricting the risk from erroneous discharge estimates are more strict for the side discharging the water, and are less stringent for the monitoring body. A scheme is given for reevaluating the a priori probability of discharge that to some extent equalizes the risks of the sides.