Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health
Công bố khoa học tiêu biểu
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National Service Frameworks: promoting the public health
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - Tập 55 Số 6 - Trang 373-374 - 2001
Levels of economic growth and cross-province spread of the COVID-19 in China Background After the first COVID-19 case detected on 8 December 2019 in Wuhan, the Provincial Capital of Hubei, the epidemic quickly spread throughout the whole country of China. Low developmental levels are often associated with infectious disease epidemic, this study attempted to test this notion with COVID-19 data. Methods Data by province from 8 December 2019 to 16 February 2020 were analysed using regression method. Outcomes were days from the first COVID-19 case in the origin of Hubei Province to the date when case was first detected in a destination province, and cumulative number of confirmed cases. Provincial gross domestic products (GDPs) were used to predict the outcomes while considering spatial distance and population density. Results Of the total 70 548 COVID-19 cases in all 31 provinces, 58 182 (82.5%) were detected in Hubei and 12 366 (17.5%) in other destination provinces. Regression analysis of data from the 30 provinces indicated that GDP was negatively associated with days of virus spreading (β=−0.2950, p<0.10) and positively associated with cumulative cases (β=97.8709, p<0.01) after controlling for spatial distance. The relationships were reversed with β=0.1287 (p<0.01) for days and β=−54.3756 (p<0.01) for cumulative cases after weighing in population density and controlling for spatial distance. Conclusion Higher levels of developmental is a risk factor for cross-province spread of COVID-19. This study adds new data to literature regarding the role of economic growth in facilitating spatial spreading of infectious diseases, and provides timely data informing antiepidemic strategies and developmental plan to balance economic growth and people’s health.
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - Tập 75 Số 9 - Trang 824-828 - 2021
Greenspace, urbanity and health: relationships in England
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - Tập 61 Số 8 - Trang 681-683 - 2007
Quantitative health impact assessment: current practice and future directions Study objective: To assess what methods are used in quantitative health impact assessment (HIA), and to identify areas for future research and development.Design: HIA reports were assessed for (1) methods used to quantify effects of policy on determinants of health (exposure impact assessment) and (2) methods used to quantify health outcomes resulting from changes in exposure to determinants (outcome assessment).Main results: Of 98 prospective HIA studies, 17 reported quantitative estimates of change in exposure to determinants, and 16 gave quantified health outcomes. Eleven (categories of) determinants were quantified up to the level of health outcomes. Methods for exposure impact assessment were: estimation on the basis of routine data and measurements, and various kinds of modelling of traffic related and environmental factors, supplemented with experts’ estimates and author’s assumptions. Some studies used estimates from other documents pertaining to the policy. For the calculation of health outcomes, variants of epidemiological and toxicological risk assessment were used, in some cases in mathematical models.Conclusions: Quantification is comparatively rare in HIA. Methods are available in the areas of environmental health and, to a lesser extent, traffic accidents, infectious diseases, and behavioural factors. The methods are diverse and their reliability and validity are uncertain. Research and development in the following areas could benefit quantitative HIA: methods to quantify the effect of socioeconomic and behavioural determinants; user friendly simulation models; the use of summary measures of public health, expert opinion and scenario building; and empirical research into validity and reliability.
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - Tập 59 Số 5 - Trang 361-370 - 2005
Validity of predictions in health impact assessment
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - Tập 61 Số 4 - Trang 362-366 - 2007
Infant mortality and family welfare: policy implications for Indonesia
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - Tập 57 Số 7 - Trang 493-498 - 2003
Meta-analysis of prevalence Meta-analysis is a method to obtain a weighted average of results from various studies. In addition to pooling effect sizes, meta-analysis can also be used to estimate disease frequencies, such as incidence and prevalence. In this article we present methods for the meta-analysis of prevalence. We discuss the logit and double arcsine transformations to stabilise the variance. We note the special situation of multiple category prevalence, and propose solutions to the problems that arise. We describe the implementation of these methods in the MetaXL software, and present a simulation study and the example of multiple sclerosis from the Global Burden of Disease 2010 project. We conclude that the double arcsine transformation is preferred over the logit, and that the MetaXL implementation of multiple category prevalence is an improvement in the methodology of the meta-analysis of prevalence.
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - Tập 67 Số 11 - Trang 974-978 - 2013
The welfare state: a glossary for public health
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - Tập 62 Số 1 - Trang 3-6 - 2008
Smallpox and its eradication
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - Tập 43 Số 1 - Trang 92-92 - 1989
Social mobility and social accumulation across the life course in relation to adult overweight and obesity: the Whitehall II study
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - Tập 64 Số 8 - Trang 714-719 - 2010
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