Sample selection bias and presence‐only distribution models: implications for background and pseudo‐absence data Tập 19 Số 1 - Trang 181-197 - 2009
Steven J. Phillips, Miroslav Dudík, Jane Elith, Catherine H. Graham, Anthony Lehmann, John R. Leathwick, Simon Ferrier
Most methods for modeling species distributions from occurrence records require additional data representing the range of environmental conditions in the modeled region. These data, called background or pseudo‐absence data, are usually drawn at random from the entire region, whereas occurrence collection is often spatially biased toward easily accessed areas. Since the spatial bias general...... hiện toàn bộ Global assessment of nitrogen deposition effects on terrestrial plant diversity: a synthesis Tập 20 Số 1 - Trang 30-59 - 2010
Roland Bobbink, Kevin Hicks, James N. Galloway, Till Spranger, Rob Alkemade, M. R. Ashmore, Mercedes Bustamante, Steve Cinderby, Eric A. Davidson, Frank Dentener, Bridget A. Emmett, J. W. Erisman, Mark E. Fenn, Frank S. Gilliam, Annika Nordin, Linda H. Pardo, W. de Vries
Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition is a recognized threat to plant diversity in temperate and northern parts of Europe and North America. This paper assesses evidence from field experiments for N deposition effects and thresholds for terrestrial plant diversity protection across a latitudinal range of main categories of ecosystems, from arctic and boreal systems to tropical forests. Curre...... hiện toàn bộ CLIMATE CHANGE AND FORESTS OF THE FUTURE: MANAGING IN THE FACE OF UNCERTAINTY Tập 17 Số 8 - Trang 2145-2151 - 2007
Constance I. Millar, Nathan L. Stephenson, Scott L. Stephens
We offer a conceptual framework for managing forested ecosystems under an assumption that future environments will be different from present but that we cannot be certain about the specifics of change. We encourage flexible approaches that promote reversible and incremental steps, and that favor ongoing learning and capacity to modify direction as situations change. We suggest that no sing...... hiện toàn bộ The Report of the Ecological Society of America Committee on the Scientific Basis for Ecosystem Management Tập 6 Số 3 - Trang 665-691 - 1996
Norman L. Christensen, Ann M. Bartuska, James H. Brown, Stephen M Carpenter, Carla M. D’Antonio, Rober Francis, Jerry F. Franklin, James A. MacMahon, Reed F. Noss, David Parsons, Charles H. Peterson, Monica G. Turner, Robert G. Woodmansee
Ecosystem management is management driven by explicit goals, executed by policies, protocols, and practices, and made adaptable by monitoring and research based on our best understanding of the ecological interactions and processes necessary to sustain ecosystem composition, structure, and function. In recent years, sustainability has become an explicitly stated, even legislatively mandate...... hiện toàn bộ Land Use and Avian Species Diversity Along an Urban Gradient Tập 6 Số 2 - Trang 506-519 - 1996
Robert B. Blair
I examined the distribution and abundance of bird species across an urban gradient, and concomitant changes in community structure, by censuring summer resident bird populations at six sites in Santa Clara County, California (all former oak woodlands). These sites represented a gradient of urban land use that ranged from relatively undisturbed to highly developed, and included a biological...... hiện toàn bộ