Current Molecular Biology Reports

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New PTH Signals Mediating Bone Anabolism
Current Molecular Biology Reports - Tập 3 - Trang 133-141 - 2017
Hadla Hariri, Martin Pellicelli, René St-Arnaud
Because of its clinical relevance, extensive work has been performed to uncover the signaling pathways modulated by parathyroid hormone (PTH). This review focuses on the recent identification of novel effectors of the anabolic effect of PTH in bone. PTH-induced activation of PKA leads to inactivation of SIK2 and nuclear translocation of HDAC4/5. This inhibits MEF2C-dependent Sost expression. Howev...... hiện toàn bộ
Cell Mechanosensitivity Is Enabled by the LINC Nuclear Complex
Current Molecular Biology Reports - Tập 2 - Trang 36-47 - 2016
Gunes Uzer, Clinton T. Rubin, Janet Rubin
Mechanoresponses in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) guide both differentiation and function. In this review, we focus on advances in our understanding of how the cytoplasmic cytoskeleton, nuclear envelope, and nucleoskeleton, which are connected via linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complexes, are emerging as an integrated dynamic signaling platform to regulate MSC mechanobiology. Thi...... hiện toàn bộ
Epigenetic Control of Osteoblast Differentiation by Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2)
Current Molecular Biology Reports - Tập 3 - Trang 94-106 - 2017
Amel Dudakovic, Andre J. van Wijnen
Because epigenetic processes are critical during development, there is considerable interest in understanding how epigenetic enzymes control lineage commitment and progression. We review recent studies indicating that methylation of histone 3 at lysine 27 (H3K27), which is a major epigenetic modification that promotes gene silencing by reducing chromatin accessibility, is a principal regulatory me...... hiện toàn bộ
Sclerostin and Adipose Tissue
Current Molecular Biology Reports - Tập 3 - Trang 71-78 - 2017
Keertik Fulzele, Paola Divieti Pajevic
Since its discovery 15 years ago, inhibition of sclerostin has come to be identified as a potent anabolic agent. The sclerostin neutralizing antibody, romosozumab, is a promising treatment for postmenopausal osteoporosis. Animal studies also show a role of sclerostin in regulating hematopoietic cells and, more recently, adipocytes. This review will summarize the newly discovered effects of scleros...... hiện toàn bộ
miRNA Regulation of Chondrogenesis
Current Molecular Biology Reports - Tập 4 - Trang 208-217 - 2018
Garyfallia Papaioannou, Anastasia Kozlova, Tatsuya Kobayashi
Knowledge of microRNAs (miRNAs) in cartilage biology is constantly expanding. The purpose of this review is to provide a global view on recent findings and to discuss the future direction of miRNA research in cartilage. Physiological roles and mechanisms of action of miRNAs in chondrogenesis have been investigated in animal and cell models. In addition to these efforts to understand basic biology,...... hiện toàn bộ
Progress in Structural Biology of Solute Carriers
Current Molecular Biology Reports - Tập 7 - Trang 9-19 - 2021
Xiaoyun Bai
The solute carrier (SLC) family is the second largest family of membrane proteins in the human genome which transports a broad spectrum of substrates such as neurotransmitters, amino acids, lipids, ions, and drugs across cellular membranes. Mutagenesis or malfunction of many SLCs can cause a wide range of disorders. In the past few years, the importance of the family member was raised in several c...... hiện toàn bộ
Intervertebral Disc Biology: Genetic Basis of Disc Degeneration
Current Molecular Biology Reports - - 2018
Sabrina Munir, Marinko Rade, Juhani Määttä, Maxim B. Freidin, Frances Williams
Bone Tissue Engineering
Current Molecular Biology Reports - Tập 1 - Trang 132-140 - 2015
Cameron R. M. Black, Vitali Goriainov, David Gibbs, Janos Kanczler, Rahul S. Tare, Richard O. C. Oreffo
Medical advances have led to a welcome increase in life expectancy. However, accompanying longevity introduces new challenges: increases in age-related diseases and associated reductions in quality of life. The loss of skeletal tissue that can accompany trauma, injury, disease or advancing years can result in significant morbidity and significant socio-economic cost and emphasise the need for new,...... hiện toàn bộ
Histone Modifications in Ageing and Lifespan Regulation
Current Molecular Biology Reports - Tập 2 - Trang 26-35 - 2016
Monika Maleszewska, Julia S. P. Mawer, Peter Tessarz
Ageing has been associated with structural changes in chromatin. At the molecular level, multiple histone modifications with established epigenetic mechanisms have been connected to the regulation of lifespan. Here, we review the changes in histone modification profiles during ageing and their possible functional contribution to ageing and lifespan regulation. We brief the state of the knowledge o...... hiện toàn bộ
Current Concepts of Using Pigs as a Source for Beta-Cell Replacement Therapy of Type 1 Diabetes
Current Molecular Biology Reports - Tập 2 - Trang 73-82 - 2016
Bruno Reichart, Jochen Seissler, Barbara Ludwig, Eckhard Wolf, Nikolai Klymiuk
The global prevalence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is rapidly increasing. In spite of major improvements in insulin treatment regimens and diabetes technology (e.g., artificial pancreas devices), glucose control remains problematic in a substantial proportion of diabetic patients. Those patients may benefit from beta-cell replacement therapies. Allotransplantation of pancreas or isolated...... hiện toàn bộ
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