Sensory systems continuously mold themselves to the widely varying contexts in
which they must operate. Studies of these adaptations have played a long and
central role in vision science, partly because the specific adaptations remain a
powerful tool for dissecting vision by exposing the mechanisms that are
adapting. That is, “if it adapts, it's there.” Many insights about vision have
come from th... hiện toàn bộ
Inferior temporal cortex (IT) is a key part of the ventral visual pathway
implicated in object, face, and scene perception. But how does IT work? Here, I
describe an organizational scheme that marries form and function and provides a
framework for future research. The scheme consists of a series of stages
arranged along the posterior-anterior axis of IT, defined by anatomical
connections and funct... hiện toàn bộ
The jawless fish that were ancestral to all living vertebrates had four spectral
cone types that were probably served by chromatic-opponent retinal circuits.
Subsequent evolution of photoreceptor spectral sensitivities is documented for
many vertebrate lineages, giving insight into the ecological adaptation of color
vision. Beyond the photoreceptors, retinal color processing is best understood
in ... hiện toàn bộ
Our vision depends upon shifting our high-resolution fovea to objects of
interest in the visual field. Each saccade displaces the image on the retina,
which should produce a chaotic scene with jerks occurring several times per
second. It does not. This review examines how an internal signal in the primate
brain (a corollary discharge) contributes to visual continuity across saccades.
The article b... hiện toàn bộ
Motion in the visual world provides critical information to guide the behavior
of sighted animals. Furthermore, as visual motion estimation requires
comparisons of signals across inputs and over time, it represents a paradigmatic
and generalizable neural computation. Focusing on the Drosophila visual system,
where an explosion of technological advances has recently accelerated
experimental progres... hiện toàn bộ