American Journal on Addictions
1055-0496
1521-0391
Mỹ
Cơ quản chủ quản: Wiley-Blackwell , WILEY
Lĩnh vực:
Clinical PsychologyPsychiatry and Mental HealthMedicine (miscellaneous)
Phân tích ảnh hưởng
Thông tin về tạp chí
The American Journal on Addictions is the official journal of the American Academy of Addiction Psychiatry. The Academy encourages research on the etiology, prevention, identification, and treatment of substance abuse; thus, the journal provides a forum for the dissemination of information in the extensive field of addiction. Each issue of this publication covers a wide variety of topics ranging from codependence to genetics, epidemiology to dual diagnostics, etiology to neuroscience, and much more. Features of the journal, all written by experts in the field, include special overview articles, clinical or basic research papers, clinical updates, and book reviews within the area of addictions.
Các bài báo tiêu biểu
The impact of addiction medications on treatment outcomes for persons with co-occurring PTSD and opioid use disorders
Tập 24 Số 8 - Trang 722-731 - 2015
Anxiety, mood disorders and injection risk behaviors among cocaine users: Results from the COSMO study Background and Objectives Despite being common among cocaine users, mental health problems and their relationship with HIV and hepatitis C high risk injection behaviors are poorly documented. This study was undertaken to examine the relationships between mood and anxiety disorders and the sharing of drug injection equipment among cocaine users who inject drugs. Methods The sample was drawn from a prospective cohort study and comprised of 387 participants. The outcome of interest was “sharing injection material” in the past 3 months. The presence of mood and anxiety disorders during the past year was assessed using the CIDI questionnaire. Statistical analyses were conducted on baseline data using logistic regression. Results Most participants were male (84.5%) and were aged 25 or over (92.2%); 43.0% qualified for an anxiety disorder diagnosis and 29.3% for a mood disorder diagnosis. Participants with anxiety disorders were more likely to share needles (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR]: 2.13, 95%CI: 1.15–3.96) and other injection material (AOR: 1.81, 95%CI: 1.12–2.92). No significant association was found between mood disorders and sharing behaviors. Discussion and Conclusions Primary anxiety disorders but not mood disorders increases injection risk behaviors among cocaine users. These results bring to light another negative outcome of mental health comorbidity in this vulnerable population. Scientific Significance This study underlines the need to fine‐tune therapeutic approaches targeting specific mental health problems in individuals with cocaine use disorders. Longitudinal studies that assess impulsivity and other correlates of psychiatric disorders are needed to examine underlying mechanisms of high risk injection behaviors in comorbid populations. (Am J Addict 2015;XX:1–7)
Tập 24 Số 7 - Trang 654-660 - 2015
Screening for Drug and Alcohol Abuse Among Older Adults Using a Modified Version of the CAGE This study examined the sensitivity, specificity, and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves of a modified version of the CAGE, a screening measure used in the detection of older alcohol‐ and drug‐abusing individuals. In a retrospective review of clinical records of 976 patients screened by a geriatric substance abuse program, the authors examined patients'responses on a modified version of the CAGE that included queries regarding drug use. The CAGE was administered to individuals age 50 or over drawn from three diagnostic groups: alcohol abuse/dependence, drug abuse/dependence, and normal controls. Analysis of variance and discriminant function analyses revealed that the modified CAGE was able to discriminate both alcohol and drug abusers from controls. Analyses examining test sensitivity, specificity, and ROC curves revealed the CAGE to demonstrate excellent sensitivity but poor specificity. Omitting the “cut down” item from the CAGE significantly improved specificity with only a modest drop in sensitivity. Given the ease of administration and sensitivity to both alcohol and drug abuse, these data suggest that the modified CAGE is well suited as a screening instrument for geriatric drug and alcohol abuse.
Tập 10 Số 4 - Trang 319-326 - 2001
Dialectical Behavior Therapy for Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder and Drug‐Dependence A randomized clinical trial was conducted to evaluate whether Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), an effective cognitive‐behavioral treatment for suicidal individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD), would also be effective for drug‐dependent women with BPD when compared with treatment‐as‐usual (TAU) in the community. Subjects were randomly assigned to either DBT or TAU for a year of treatment. Subjects were assessed at 4, 8, and 12 months, and at a 16‐month follow‐up. Subjects assigned to DBT had significantly greater reductions in drug abuse measured both by structured interviews and urinalyses throughout the treatment year and at follow‐up than did subjects assigned to TAU. DBT also maintained subjects in treatment better than did TAU, and subjects assigned to DBT had significantly greater gains in global and social adjustment at follow‐up than did those assigned to TAU. DBT has been shown to be more effective than treatment‐as‐usual in treating drug abuse in this study, providing more support for DBT as an effective treatment for severely dysfunctional BPD patients across a range of presenting problems.
Tập 8 Số 4 - Trang 279-292 - 1999
A review of co‐morbid tobacco and cannabis use disorders: Possible mechanisms to explain high rates of co‐use Background Tobacco and cannabis are among the most commonly used psychoactive substances worldwide, and are often used in combination. Evidence suggests that tobacco use contributes to an increased likelihood of becoming cannabis dependent and similarly cannabis use promotes transition to more intensive tobacco use. Further, tobacco use threatens cannabis cessation attempts leading to increased and accelerated relapse rates among cigarette smokers. Given that treatment outcomes are far from satisfactory among individuals engaged in both tobacco and cannabis use highlights the need for further exploration of this highly prevalent co‐morbidity. Objective Therefore, this review will elucidate putative neurobiological mechanisms responsible for facilitating the link between co‐morbid tobacco and cannabis use. Method We performed an extensive literature search identifying published studies that examined co‐morbid tobacco and cannabis use. Results Evidence of both synergistic and compensatory effects of co‐morbid tobacco and cannabis use have been identified. Following, co‐morbid use of these substances will be discussed within the context of two popular theories of addiction: the addiction vulnerability hypothesis and the gateway hypothesis. Lastly, common route of administration is proposed as a facilitator for co‐morbid use. Conclusions & Scientific Significance While, only a paucity of treatment studies addressing co‐morbid tobacco and cannabis use have been conducted, emerging evidence suggests that simultaneously quitting both tobacco and cannabis may yield benefits at both the psychological and neurobiological level. More research is needed to confirm this intervention strategy and future studies should consider employing prospective systematic designs. (Am J Addict 2015;24:105–116)
Tập 24 Số 2 - Trang 105-116 - 2015
Motivational Interviewing to Enhance Treatment Initiation in Substance Abusers: An Effectiveness Study Sixty individuals referred for a substance abuse evaluation by a child welfare worker were randomly assigned to either a standard evaluation or an evaluation enhanced by Motivational Interviewing techniques, each delivered in a single session. Participants who received the enhanced evaluation were significantly more likely to attend at least one additional treatment session after the initial evaluation (59% versus 29%). This finding suggests that comparatively inexpensive modifications of “standard” initial evaluations with substance‐using parents may increase engagement of substance‐abusing parents in treatment. Moreover, this study adds to an overwhelmingly positive literature supporting Motivational Interviewing with alcohol‐using populations and extends prior findings to non‐research community settings.
Tập 10 Số 4 - Trang 335-339 - 2001
Compulsive buying Objective Although compulsive buying (CB) seems to be not only prevalent but even increasing in prevalence, it often remains neglected or minimized in clinical settings. There is a need for a greater understanding and recognition of this problem. The aim of this article is to summarize the current knowledge regarding CB and to offer thoughts regarding classification. Method Review of published literature over the period 1994–2013 through Pubmed/Medline, PsychINFO, and Google Scholar using the key words ‘compulsive buying’, ‘impulsive buying’ and ‘addictive buying’. Results CB is defined by a preoccupation with buying and shopping, by frequent buying episodes, or overpowering urges to buy that are experienced as irresistible and senseless. The maladaptive spending behavior is associated with serious psychological, social, occupational, and financial problems. Treatment‐seeking patients with CB suffer from substantial psychiatric comorbidity (eg, anxiety and depressive mood disorders, compulsive hoarding, binge eating disorder). Representative surveys revealed prevalence estimates of CB between 6% and 7% and indicate that younger people are more prone to develop CB. Moreover, European data suggest an increase of CB in the adult population over the last 20 years. While there is no evidence for the efficacy of psychopharmacological treatment, group cognitive behavioral therapy has been shown to be effective. Conclusion The relevance of recognition of CB as mental disorder is undeniable in the face of its estimated prevalence and associated burden. As our understanding of contributing neurobiological and etiological factors is limited, further research should focus on these topics, taking into account the heterogeneity of individuals with CB. There is also a need for specific treatment options and for the development of prevention strategies. (Am J Addict 2015;24:132–137)
Tập 24 Số 2 - Trang 132-137 - 2015
Obesity and Its Relationship to Addictions: Is Overeating a Form of Addictive Behavior? Obesity is a major public health problem and notoriously difficult to treat. There are many parallels between obesity/overeating and addictions to alcohol and drugs. This paper discusses similarities between obesity and addictive disorders, including common personality characteristics, disruptive behavior syndromes, and brain mechanisms. Although there are important differences between overeating and other addictive behaviors, an addiction model of overeating may effectively inform prevention and treatment of obesity
Tập 18 Số 6 - Trang 439-451 - 2009
Psychiatric Symptoms in Methamphetamine Users The Methamphetamine Treatment Project (MTP) offers the opportunity to examine co‐occurring psychiatric conditions in a sample of 1016 methamphetamine users participating in a multisite outpatient treatment study between 1999—2001. Participants reported high levels of psychiatric symptoms, particularly depression and attempted suicide, but also anxiety and psychotic symptoms. They also reported high levels of problems controlling anger and violent behavior, with a correspondingly high frequency of assault and weapons charges. Findings continue to support the value of integrated treatment for co‐occurring conditions, especially the importance of training counseling staff to handle psychotic symptoms when needed (Am J Addict 2004;13:181–190)
Tập 13 Số 2 - Trang 181-190 - 2004