Proceedings of 2002 IEEE 14th International Conference on Dielectric Liquids. ICDL 2002 (Cat. No.02CH37319)
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Pico-second time domain reflectometry response of a microstripline embedded in various liquids
- Trang 329-332
A microstripline having 50 ohms characteristic impedance has been delineated on
PCB type FR-4 board material, by using standard three layer dry film lamination
and chemical photo-etching technology. The dielectric constant and dissipation
factor for FR-4 substrate material is 4.6 and 0.018 at 1 MHz respectively. The
fringing fields arising from free end of a microstripline have been employed to
ob...
#Reflectometry #Microstrip #Liquids #Dielectric materials #Chemical technology #Impedance #Optical films #Lamination #Dielectric constant #Dielectric substrates
Quality assurance system of transformer diagnostics laboratories
- Trang 248-252
Assurance of the quality system of laboratories for transformer
physical-chemical diagnostics necessitates the implementation of particular
activities so as to provide for an appropriate diagnosis of an observed
transformer. Adoption of the quality system assures the constant and adequate
quality of most of the laboratory services. The quality system is formally
approved after the laboratory has b...
#Quality assurance #Laboratories #ISO standards #IEC standards #Oil insulation #Accreditation #System testing #Chemistry #Production systems #Calibration
Transformer performance assessment
- Trang 317-320
In today's deregulated electricity industry, transformers constitute a
significant asset for utilities. Asset owners are continually being asked to do
more with less. To achieve this monumental task, utility managers need detailed
information about the current capability of the transformer, based on its
condition (aging and health). Transformer performance assessment (TPA) combines
online and offl...
#Temperature #Petroleum #Hydrogen #Condition monitoring #Data visualization #Visual databases #Aging #Fault detection #Data acquisition #Cooling
Electronic processes and electric breakdown of liquid helium
- Trang 159-162
Electronic conduction processes in liquid helium are discussed with respect to
their relevance for the initiation of electric breakdown. A recent evaluation of
drift data yielded the result that delocalized electrons can exist in liquid He.
A lifetime of 5 ns at E = 72 kV/cm was estimated. With respect to the initiation
of electric breakdown, it is concluded that under ideal conditions breakdown
a...
#Electric breakdown #Helium #Electron mobility #Life estimation #Lifetime estimation #Ionization #Impurities #Gases #Atomic measurements #Power engineering and energy
PD signatures of wedge type discharges in transformer insulation
- Trang 211-214
Discharge signatures have been studied in a combined transformer oil/impregnated
paper insulation system subjected to AC high voltage. A semi-homogeneous
sphere-plane electrode configuration was used to simulate wedge discharges in a
power transformer. The moisture level of the impregnated paper was varied
between 0.3% and 9.6%. At the highest moisture level no discharges were observed
before brea...
#Power transformer insulation #Partial discharges #Power transformers #Oil insulation #Petroleum #Electrodes #Moisture #Testing #Power measurement #Geometry
Cathode sheath formation of corona discharge in liquid argon
- Trang 131-134
A one-dimensional longitudinal model including the cathode sheath, the drift
region and the external circuit has been used for conditions close to
experiments of a corona discharge in liquid Ar. The model provides the space and
time variations of the electric field, electron and positive ion densities in
the cathode region, as well as the time variations of the electric current
through the dischar...
#Cathodes #Corona #Argon #Artificial intelligence #Purification #Electrons #Voltage #Poisson equations #Space charge #Atmospheric modeling
Rapid dissolved gas analysis by means of electrochemical gas sensors
- Trang 325-328
Rapid, introductory analysis of gases dissolved in insulating oil (DGA) carried
out in the field can help in effective screening of faulty transformers as well
as minimising number of classical laboratory chromatographic DGA tests. It is
also crucial for shortening a time gap between oil sampling and its analysis. A
novel approach to DGA is presented in this paper. A rapid analysis of oil
samples ...
#Dissolved gas analysis #Gas detectors #Petroleum #Gases #Laboratories #Fault diagnosis #Gas insulation #Oil insulation #Power transformer insulation #Testing
Electron bubbles and light
- Trang 29-32
The splitting of electron bubbles into a pair of electrino bubbles has been
proposed to explain the increased photoconductivity of liquid helium upon light
illumination. The new explanation given here is that light induced electron
bubbles are produced by the ionization of impurities in the liquid helium. But
the visible (VIS) light in photoconductivity experiments lacks the Planck energy
to reach...
#Electrons #Impurities #Helium #Photoconductivity #Ionization #Electromagnetic radiation #Lighting #Elementary particle vacuum #Electrodynamics #Thermal expansion
Optical constants of anisotropic and absorptive liquids
- Trang 81-84
Optical constants, /spl radic//spl epsiv/=n-jk, of the anisotropic and
absorptive liquids, i.e., liquid crystal and magnetic fluid, were evaluated by
reflectometry in the visible and infrared spectral regions. Semicylindrical
prisms were prepared with high-index glass or CsI (cesium iodide) crystal to
measure the angular dependence of the attenuated total reflection (ATR) on the
sample liquid.
#Geometrical optics #Anisotropic magnetoresistance #Magnetic liquids #Optical attenuators #Liquid crystals #Reflectometry #Infrared spectra #Glass #Attenuation measurement #Optical reflection
The study of dielectric materials as photonic crystals based on the mechanism of photonic band gap
- Trang 347-349
We report theoretical concepts and experimental verification for
three-dimensional photonic crystal. The occurrence of photonic band gap,
tunability and mechanism are given. We have theoretically formulated expressions
for refractive index, central wavelength and temperature tuning of the photonic
band gap. The lowest limit of refractive index contrast to yield a gap for
closed packed face centere...
#Dielectric materials #Photonic crystals #Photonic band gap #Refractive index #Temperature #Tuning #Lattices #Crystalline materials #Silicon #Fabrication