Những người trưởng thành trẻ tuổi có khuyết tật trí tuệ và phát triển tham gia vào Thế vận hội Đặc biệt ít có khả năng mắc chứng trầm cảm

Social psychiatry - Tập 58 - Trang 1699-1708 - 2022
Meghann Lloyd1, Viviene A. Temple2, John T. Foley3, Sharyn Yeatman1, Yona Lunsky4,5, Anjie Huang5, Robert Balogh1,5
1Faculty of Health Sciences, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Canada
2School of Exercise Science, Physical & Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada
3Department of Physical Education, SUNY Cortland, Cortland, USA
4Azrieli Adult Neurodevelopmental Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
5ICES, Toronto, Canada

Tóm tắt

Những người có khuyết tật trí tuệ và phát triển (IDD) trải qua tỷ lệ trầm cảm cao. Bằng chứng cho thấy rằng hoạt động thể chất, hoặc việc tham gia vào một câu lạc bộ thể thao trong một môi trường xã hội hỗ trợ mang lại những lợi ích về sức khỏe tâm thần và thể chất. Người lớn có IDD, trung bình, tham gia vào mức độ hoạt động thể chất thấp. Mục đích của nghiên cứu này là so sánh tỷ lệ trầm cảm giữa những người tham gia Thế vận hội Đặc biệt là thanh niên trưởng thành có IDD với những người không tham gia. Đây là một nghiên cứu đồng nhóm hồi cứu kéo dài 20 năm về những người trưởng thành trẻ tuổi (19-29 tuổi) có IDD tại tỉnh Ontario, Canada, so sánh tỷ lệ trầm cảm giữa những người tham gia Thế vận hội Đặc biệt (n=8710) và những người không tham gia (n=42,393) sử dụng cơ sở dữ liệu y tế hành chính tại ICES (trước đây là Viện Khoa học Đánh giá Lâm sàng). Sử dụng mô hình tỷ lệ nguy cơ tỷ lệ Cox, các tỷ lệ nguy cơ thô đã được tính toán cho mối liên quan giữa từng biến độc lập và biến phụ thuộc. Sau khi kiểm soát các biến khác, tỷ lệ nguy cơ trầm cảm ở những người tham gia Thế vận hội Đặc biệt so với tỷ lệ nguy cơ trầm cảm ở những người không tham gia tạo ra một tỷ lệ nguy cơ điều chỉnh là 0.51. Trong suốt 20 năm theo dõi, những người tham gia có khả năng mắc chứng trầm cảm thấp hơn 0.51 lần so với những người không tham gia; điều này thể hiện mức giảm 49% rủi ro trong số những người tham gia Thế vận hội Đặc biệt. Kết quả này có ý nghĩa thống kê và đại diện cho kích thước hiệu ứng trung bình. Cần nghiên cứu thêm về mức độ mà sự giảm rủi ro này liên quan đến phản ứng sinh lý đối với hoạt động thể chất / tập thể dục, và mức độ nào liên quan đến sự kết nối xã hội của việc trở thành một phần của nhóm tham gia vào Thế vận hội Đặc biệt.

Từ khóa

#khuyết tật trí tuệ; trầm cảm; Thế vận hội Đặc biệt; hoạt động thể chất; kết nối xã hội

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