Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in children: diagnostic and therapeutic aspects
Tóm tắt
Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is a rare, chronic inflammatory disease of the kidneys. It is characterized by destruction of renal parenchyma and accumulation of lipid-laden foamy macrophages. Diffuse and focal forms are known. The condition is mainly observed in middle-aged women, and it is very rare in childhood. Of 32 nephrectomies carried out in children for various diseases in our hospital over the course of 2 years, there were two cases of diffuse XGP. In both cases, the preoperative diagnosis based on ultrasound findings was highly suggestive of XGP. We present the two cases and define the typical ultrasonographic signs for distinguishing XGP from other renal masses. The diagnostic and therapeutic management is discussed and an overview of the literature is given.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Levy M, Baumal R, Eddy AA. Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in children. Etiology, pathogenesis, clinical and radiologic features, and management. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 1994;33:360–366.
Hammadeh G, Nicholls C, Calder R, et al. Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in childhood: preoperative diagnosis possible. J Urol 1994;73:83–86.
Marteinsson VT, Due J, Aagenaes I. Focal xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis presenting as renal tumour in children. Case report with a review of the literature. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1996;30: 235–239.
Eckoldt F, Woderich R, Wolke S, et al. Follow-up of unilateral multicystic kidney dysplasia after prenatal diagnosis. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2003;14:177–186.
Matthews GJ, McLorie GA, Churchill BA, et al. Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in pediatric patients. J Urol 1995;153: 1958–1959.
Bingol-Kologlu M, Ciftci AO, Senocak ME, et al. Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in children: diagnostic and therapeutic aspects. Eur J Pediatr Surg 2002;12:42–48.
Rodo J, Martin ME, Salarich J. Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in children: conservative management. Eur Urol 1996;30: 498–501.
Brown P, Dodson M, Weintrub P. Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis: report of nonsurgical management of a case and review to the literature. Clin Infect Dis 1996;22:308–314.
Quinn FM, Dick AC, Corbally MT, et al. Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in childhood. Arch Dis Child 1999;81:483–486.
Parsons MA, Harris SC, Grainger RG, et al. Fistula and sinus formation in xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. A clinicopathological review and report of four cases. Br J Urol 1986;58:488–493.
Kim J. Ultrasonographic features of focal xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. J Ultrasound Med 2004;23:409–416.
Cakmakci H, Tasdelen N, Obuz F, et al. Pediatric focal xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis: dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI findings. Clin Imaging 2002;26:183–186.
Verswijvel G, Oyen R, Van Poppel H, et al. Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis: MRI findings in the diffuse and the focal type. Eur Radiol 2000;10:586–589.
Hallscheidt P, Weber MA, Schenk JP, et al. Magnetic resonance tomography of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. Epidemiology, pathogenesis and symptoms. Urologe A 2002;41:577–582 (in German).
Alp H, Orbak Z, Altinkaynak S, et al. Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis presenting as intra-abdominal tumor in a child. Pediatr Int 2002;44:453–455.