X-ray and neutron reflectivity for the investigation of polymers

Materials Science Reports - Tập 5 Số 4 - Trang 171-271 - 1990
Thomas P. Russell1
1IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, CA 95120-6099 USA

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Klein, 1975, Nature, 257, 386, 10.1038/257386a0

1976, Polymer, 17, 481, 10.1016/0032-3861(76)90126-9

Charmet, 1983, J. Opt. Soc. Am., 73, 1777, 10.1364/JOSA.73.001777

Kim, 1989, Macromolecules, 22, 2682, 10.1021/ma00196a026

Kim, 1988, Phys. Rev. Letters, 60, 2745, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.60.2745

Green, 1985, Macromolecules, 18, 501, 10.1021/ma00145a033

Kramer, 1984, Polymer, 25, 473, 10.1016/0032-3861(84)90205-2

Mills, 1984, Appl. Phys. Letters, 53, 2145, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.53.2145

Green, 1985, 40, 265

Kramer, 1986, 72, 195

Coulon, 1989, Macromolecules, 22, 2581, 10.1021/ma00196a006

Russell, 1989, Macromolecules, 22, 4600, 10.1021/ma00202a036

Whitlow, 1989, Macromolecules, 22, 2648, 10.1021/ma00196a019

Brown, 1988, Polymer, 29, 1807, 10.1016/0032-3861(88)90395-3

Hasegawa, 1985, Macromolecules, 18, 589, 10.1021/ma00145a051

Henkee, 1988, J. Mater. Sci., 23, 1685, 10.1007/BF01115708

Thomas, 1979, Macromolecules, 12, 323, 10.1021/ma60068a033

Schmitt, 1985, Macromolecules, 18, 2675, 10.1021/ma00154a051

Bhatia, 1988, Macromolecules, 21, 2166, 10.1021/ma00185a049

Green, 1989, Macromolecules, 22, 2189, 10.1021/ma00195a033

P.F. Green, T.M. Christensen and T.P. Russell, J. Chem. Phys., accepted for publication.

Russell, 1988, Macromolecules, 21, 1890, 10.1021/ma00184a066

Fernandez, 1988, Polymer, 29, 1923, 10.1016/0032-3861(88)90162-0

Russell, 1989, 143, 265

Jark, 1989, Thin Solid Films, 170, 309, 10.1016/0040-6090(89)90736-0

Born, 1980

Heavens, 1955

Als-Nielsen, 1985, Z. Physik B, 61, 411, 10.1007/BF01303545

Felcher, 1987, Rev. Sci. Instr., 58, 609, 10.1063/1.1139225

Werner, 1986

Lekner, 1987

Stern, 1963, Vol. 15

Matsushita, 1983, Vol. 1

Porod, 1951, Kolloid Z, 124, 83, 10.1007/BF01512792

Porod, 1952, Kolloid Z., 125, 51, 10.1007/BF01519615

Porod, 1952, Kolloid Z., 125, 108, 10.1007/BF01526289

Nevot, 1980, Rev. Phys. Appl., 15, 761, 10.1051/rphysap:01980001503076100

Croce, 1974, J. Appl. Cryst., 7, 125, 10.1107/S0021889874008946

Beckmann, 1963

Parratt, 1954, Phys. Rev., 95, 359, 10.1103/PhysRev.95.359

Parratt, 1956, J. Chem. Phys., 53, 597

Als-Nielsen, 1982, Phys. Rev. Letters, 48, 1107, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.48.1107

Als-Nielsen, 1984, Physica B + C, 126, 145, 10.1016/0378-4363(84)90157-8

Sirota, 1988

Bindell, 1970, J. Appl. Cryst., 3, 503, 10.1107/S0021889870006763

Sauro, 1966, Phys. Rev., 143, 439, 10.1103/PhysRev.143.439

Croce, 1970, Surface Sci., 22, 173, 10.1016/0039-6028(70)90032-4

Hogrefe, 1987, Appl. Opt., 26, 2851, 10.1364/AO.26.002851

Yoneda, 1963, Phys. Rev., 131, 2010, 10.1103/PhysRev.131.2010

Bennett, 1961, J. Opt. Soc. Am., 51, 123, 10.1364/JOSA.51.000123

Andreev, 1986, Bull. Acad. Sci. USSR, 50, 156

Porteus, 1963, J. Opt. Soc. Am., 53, 1394, 10.1364/JOSA.53.001394

Mafa-Mendez, 1988, Phys. Rev. B, 37, 8182, 10.1103/PhysRevB.37.8182

Sinha, 1988, J. Chem. Phys., 78, 1611

R. Pynn, in preparation.

Als-Nielsen, 1987

A. Karim, A. Mansour, G.P. Felcher and T.P. Russell, Phys. Rev. B, in press.

Karim, 1990, 171

Karim, 1989, Physica B, 156/157, 430, 10.1016/0921-4526(89)90697-2

Tidswell, 1990, Phys. Rev. B, 41, 1111, 10.1103/PhysRevB.41.1111

Smith, 1990

Penfold, 1987, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Report, RAL-87-014

Sun, 1988, Europhys. Letters, 6, 207, 10.1209/0295-5075/6/3/004

Sun, 1989, Physica B, 156/157, 407, 10.1016/0921-4526(89)90690-X

L. Passell, private communication.

Stamm, 1989, Physica B, 156/157, 564, 10.1016/0921-4526(89)90732-1

Anastasiadis, 1990, J. Chem. Phys., 92, 5677, 10.1063/1.458499

Anastasiadis, 1989, Phys. Rev. Letters, 62, 1852, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.62.1852

J.B. Hayter, private communication.

Karim, 1990

G.P. Felcher, private communication.

Penfold, 1987, J. Phys. E, 20, 1411, 10.1088/0022-3735/20/11/024

S.K. Satija, private communication.

Weiss, 1986, Rev. Sci. Instr., 57, 2544, 10.1063/1.1139058

Jark, 1988, Nucl. Instr. Methods A, 266, 654, 10.1016/0168-9002(88)90459-7

Stamm, 1987, Polymer Preprints, 28, 18

M. Stamm, private communication.

T.P. Russell, unpublished results.

Als-Nielsen, 1983, Nucl. Instr. Methods, 208, 545, 10.1016/0167-5087(83)91179-1

Braslau, 1985, Phys. Rev. Letters, 54, 114, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.54.114

Lu, 1978, J. Chem. Phys., 68, 5558, 10.1063/1.435685

Bloch, 1969, Phys. Rev., 185, 933, 10.1103/PhysRev.185.933

Sluis, 1983, J. Chem. Phys., 79, 5658, 10.1063/1.445687

Sluis, 1983, J. Chem. Phys., 78, 1611, 10.1063/1.444855

Fernandez, 1989, Polymer Preprints, 30, 362

Toney, 1990, J. Chem. Phys., 92, 3781, 10.1063/1.457836

Daillant, 1988, Europhys. Letters, 6, 431, 10.1209/0295-5075/6/5/010

Pomerantz, 1980, Thin Solid Films, 68, 33, 10.1016/0040-6090(80)90134-0

Pomerantz, 1985, Thin Solid Films, 132, 153, 10.1016/0040-6090(85)90466-3

Nicklow, 1981, Phys. Rev. B, 23, 1081, 10.1103/PhysRevB.23.1081

Hayter, 1981, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Discussions, 77, 1437

Highfield, 1983, Thin Solid Films, 99, 165, 10.1016/0040-6090(83)90377-2

Highfield, 1984, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 97, 367, 10.1016/0021-9797(84)90307-2

W. Jark, T.P. Russell, G. Comelli, J. Stöhr, J. Schneider, C. Erdeln and H. Ringsdorf, Thin Solid Films, in press.

Bisset, 1954, 67, 315

Kapp, 1965, Phys. Rev., 138 A, 1490, 10.1103/PhysRev.138.A1490

Lesslauer, 1974, Acta Cryst. B, 30, 1932, 10.1107/S0567740874006145

Matsuda, 1977, J. Appl. Phys., 48, 771, 10.1063/1.323668

Laschewsky, 1985, Thin Solid Films, 134, 153, 10.1016/0040-6090(85)90127-0

Laschewsky, 1987, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 109, 788, 10.1021/ja00237a025

Frey, 1987, Macromolecules, 20, 1312, 10.1021/ma00172a025

Elbert, 1985, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 107, 4134, 10.1021/ja00300a007

P. Stroeve, J.F. Rabolt, R.D. Hilleke, G.P. Felcher and S.H. Chen, Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., accepted for publication.

Pershan, 1984, Phys. Rev. Letters, 52, 759, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.52.759

Pershan, 1987, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Progress Report, 439

Ocko, 1986, Phys. Rev. Letters, 57, 94, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.57.94

Vanzo, 1966, J. Polym. Sci., A4–4, 1727, 10.1002/pol.1966.150040707

Bradford, 1966, J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Chem., A1–6, 1661

Whitmann, 1982, J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Phys. Ed., 20, 1341, 10.1002/pol.1982.180200801

Coulon, 1989, Polymer Preprints, 30, 366

Russell, 1990, 166, 145

Coulon, 1990, J. Phys. (Paris), 51, 777, 10.1051/jphys:01990005108077700

T.P. Russell, S.H. Anastasiadis, S.K. Satija and C.F. Majkrzak, Phys. Rev. Letters, submitted for publication.

T.P. Russell, S.H. Anastasiadis, S.K. Satija and C.F. Majkrzak, Macromolecules, submitted for publication.

T.P. Russell, S.H. Anastasiadis, A. Menelle, G.P. Felcher and S.K. Satija, Macromolecules, accepted for publication.

T.P. Russell, S.H. Anastasiadis, E.B. Sirota, J.G. Hughes, S.K. Sinha and S.K. Satija, in preparation.

Frederickson, 1987, Macromolecules, 20, 2535, 10.1021/ma00176a037

Russell, 1990, Macromolecules, 23, 890, 10.1021/ma00205a033

Helfand, 1982, Vol. 1

Bartels, 1983, J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Letters, 21, 495, 10.1002/pol.1983.130210615

Summerfield, 1987, Polymer Preprints, 28, 329

de Gennes, 1982, Advan. Phys. Chem., 33, 49, 10.1146/annurev.pc.33.100182.000405

Tirrell, 1984

Wool, 1981, J. Appl. Phys., 52, 52, 10.1063/1.328526

Kim, 1983, Macromolecules, 16, 115, 10.1021/ma00241a013

Ferry, 1980

Doi, 1986

Fernandez, 1990, Polymer Commun., 31, 124, 10.1016/0032-3861(90)90088-G

M. Stamm, private communication.

Noolandi, 1982, Macromolecules, 15, 482, 10.1021/ma00230a054

Noolandi, 1984, Polym. Eng. Sci., 24, 70, 10.1002/pen.760240203

Noolandi, 1984, Macromolecules, 17, 1531, 10.1021/ma00138a019

Leibler, 1982, Macromolecules, 15, 1283, 10.1021/ma00233a014

Leibler, 1988, 16, 1

Duke, 1988

K.R. Shull and E.J. Kramer, Macromolecules, in press.

K.R. Shull, E.J. Kramer, G. Hadziioannou and W. Tang, Macromolecules, in press.

Jones, 1989, Phys. Rev. Letters, 62, 280, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.62.280

Sokolov, 1988, Appl. Phys. Letters, 54, 590, 10.1063/1.100888

Composto, 1989, Physica B, 156/157, 434, 10.1016/0921-4526(89)90698-4

Jones, 1990, Europhys. Letters, 12, 41, 10.1209/0295-5075/12/1/008

Schmidt, 1985, J. Phys., 79, 1631, 10.1051/jphys:0198500460100163100

M.H. Rafailovich and J. Sokolov, unpublished results.

J.T. Koberstein, unpublished results.

Kawaguchi, 1980, J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Phys. Ed., 18, 2069, 10.1002/pol.1980.180181006

Hadziioannou, 1986, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 108, 2869, 10.1021/ja00271a014

Bloch, 1985, Phys. Rev. Letters, 54, 1039, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.54.1039

Priel, 1978, J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Phys. Ed., 16, 1917, 10.1002/pol.1978.180161102

Varoqui, 1977, J. Chem. Phys., 66, 4395, 10.1063/1.433734

Barnet, 1981, Macromolecules, 14, 1018, 10.1021/ma50005a023

Cosgrove, 1989, Macromolecules, 22, 1931, 10.1021/ma00194a069

Allain, 1982, Phys. Rev. Letters, 49, 1694, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.49.1694

Ausserre, 1985, Phys. Rev. Letters, 54, 1948, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.54.1948

1986, Macromolecules, 19, 85, 10.1021/ma00155a015

Kim, 1988, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 124, 365, 10.1016/0021-9797(88)90359-1

B.A. Smith, unpublished results.

de Gennes, 1981, Macromolecules, 14, 1637, 10.1021/ma50007a007

Milner, 1988, Macromolecules, 21, 2160, 10.1021/ma00186a051

Scheutjens, 1979, J. Phys. Chem., 83, 1619, 10.1021/j100475a012

Scheutjens, 1980, J. Phys. Chem., 84, 178, 10.1021/j100439a011

van Lent, 1989, Macromolecules, 22, 1931, 10.1021/ma00194a069

Ingersent, 1986, Macromolecules, 19, 1374, 10.1021/ma00159a016

Marques, 1988, Macromolecules, 21, 1051, 10.1021/ma00182a035

Marques, 1989, Macromolecules, 22, 1054, 10.1021/ma00193a075

Lee, 1989, Chem. Phys. Letters, 162, 196, 10.1016/0009-2614(89)85124-3

Satija, 1990, Macromolecules, 23, 3860, 10.1021/ma00218a023

Kitchens, 1974, Phys. Rev. Letters, 32, 791, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.32.791

B. Ocko, private communication.

E.B. Sirota, J.G. Hughes, S.K. Sinha, S.K. Satija and T.P. Russell, in preparation.

Bourchard, 1985, Europhys. Letters, 2, 315

Farnoux, 1985, IAEA-CN-46/20, 205

Jannink, 1989

Dietrich, 1987, Phys. Rev. Letters, 58, 140, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.58.140

Dietrich, 1980, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 54–57, 658

Rennie, 1989, Macromolecules, 22, 3466, 10.1021/ma00198a044

Dai, 1989, Synth. Met., 28, D69, 10.1016/0379-6779(89)90676-0

Kay, 1960, Comments Pure Appl. Math., 13, 371, 10.1002/cpa.3160130304

Chadan, 1977

Hruslov, 1976, Mat. USSR Sbornik, 28, 229, 10.1070/SM1976v028n02ABEH001649

Felcher, 1989, 983, 2

Sung, 1976, Appl. Phys. Letters, 28, 429, 10.1063/1.88809

Holzer, 1978, J. Appl. Phys., 49, 1002, 10.1063/1.325037

Sung, 1978, J. Appl. Phys., 49, 994, 10.1063/1.324698

Guentert, 1965, J. Appl. Phys., 36, 1361, 10.1063/1.1714309

Church, 1986, 640, 126

Claffey, 1970, J. Appl. Cryst., 3, 516, 10.1107/S0021889870006775

Warren, 1964, J. Appl. Phys., 35, 324

Verhaeghe, 1972, Opt. Acta, 19, 905, 10.1080/713818515

Bennett, 1978, Opt. Eng., 17, 480, 10.1117/12.7972268

Elson, 1981, 315, 193

Andreev, 1985, Soviet Phys. Uspekhi, 28, 70, 10.1070/PU1985v028n01ABEH003650

Rehn, 1980, Nucl. Instr. Methods, 172, 307, 10.1016/0029-554X(80)90652-7

Mandelbrot, 1982

Landau, 1986

Marra, 1979, J. Appl. Phys., 50, 6927, 10.1063/1.325845

Marra, 1982, Phys. Rev. Letters, 49, 1169, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.49.1169

Huang, 1987, Thin Solid Films, 154, 439, 10.1016/0040-6090(87)90386-5

Toney, 1988, J. Mater. Res., 3, 351, 10.1557/JMR.1988.0351

Lim, 1987, J. Mater. Res., 2, 471, 10.1557/JMR.1987.0471

B.J. Factor, T.P. Russell, M.F. Toney and A. Bienenstock, in preparation.