Whose solution is it? development ideology and the work of micro‐entrepreneurs in Caribbean context
Tóm tắt
An economic leader in the Caribbean, the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago has incorporated micro‐business development as one of its main strategies to alleviate poverty and unemployment and to spawn economic growth since the late 1980s. Although the discovery of natural gas in the early nineties catapulted Trinidad’s economic growth rate to four per cent per annum, unemployment and poverty continue to affect a large portion of the population. The majority of the population has not benefited from Trinidad’s economic growth. Thus, the government has attempted to create “a nation of entrepreneurs” in order to relieve some of the inequality that defines the society (Ministry of Trade and Industry 1997).
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Acosta-Belen, E. and C. E. Bose. 1995. `Colonialism, Structural Subordination, and Empowerment: Women in the Development Process in Latin America and the Caribbean', in C. E. Bose and E. Acosta-Belen (eds) Women in theLatin American Development Process, pp.15-36. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press.
Aslam A., 1997, November 14.
Barriteau E., M. H. Marchand and J. L. Parpart (eds) Feminism/Postmodernism/Development, 142
Barrow C., 1986, Social and Economic Studies, 35, 131
Boserup 0., Women's Role in Economic Development
Charlton, S. M., Everett, J., and K. Staudt. 1989. `Women the State, and Development', in by S. E. M. Charlton, J. Everett, K. Staudt (eds) Women, the State,and Development, pp.1-19. New York: State University of New York Press.
Cross J. C., 1998, Informal Politics: Street Vendors and the State in Mexico City. CA: Stanford University Press.
Dignard L., 1995, Boulder: CO: Westview Press.
Escobar A., 1995, Encountering Development: The Making and Unmaking of the Third World.
Everett J., Collective Action, and the State in India.' in by S. E. M. Charlton, J. Everett,. K. Staudt (eds) Women, the State, and Development, 152
Geertz C., Social Change and Economic Modernization in Two Indonesian Towns
Glaser B., 1967, New York: Aldine de Gruyer.
Henry R., S. Ryan (ed) The Independence Experience 1962-1987. St. Augustine
Hintzen P.C., 1985, Social and Economic Studies, 343, 107
International Labour Organization, Report on the Follow-Up Workshop on Women Entrepreneurs in Micro and Small Businesses in Trinidad and Tobago. St. Joseph
International Labour Organization, 1995, Small Business: Key Ingredients and Constraints to Their Success in the Caribbean. Port of Spain
Inkeles A., 1969, American Journal of Sociology., 75, 21
International Labour Organization, Report on the Follow-Up Workshop on Women Entrepreneurs in Micro and Small Businesses in Trinidad and Tobago. St. Joseph
Isserles R., August
Kabeer N., 1994, Reversed Realities: Gender Hierarchies in Development Thought.
Malaki A., Development Patterns in the Commonwealth Caribbean: Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago
Mandle J.R., 1996, Persistent Underdevelopment: Change and Economic Modernization in the West Indies. The Netherlands: Gordon and Breach Science Publishers.
Massiah J., 1986, Social and Economic Studies, 35, 177
Mintz S., Caribbean Transformations
Mohanty C., Common Interests, and the Politics of Solidarity', in J. Alexander and C. Mohanty (eds) Feminist Genealogies, Colonial Legacies, Democratic Futures, 3
Mohanty C., Mohanty, Russo, and Torres (eds) Third World Women and the Politics of Feminism, 51
Oliver M. L., 1997, New York: Routledge.
Pantin D. A., 1993, Social and Economic Studies, 36, 1
Portes A., 1997, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Rakowski C., 1994, Contrapunto: The Informal Sector Debate Latin American Perspectives.
Reddock R. E., Labor and Politics in Trinidad and Tobago